Aggro - Aggression: the measure of a mob's attack interest in a specific character. "Holding Aggro" means the mob is fixed on you, so it's focusing its attacks on you. (Generally good for the Tank to Hold Aggro)
AoE - Area of Effect: dealing damage to enemies standing within a certain range radiating out from the spot where the spell/attack was targeted
Buff - Spell that increases a beneficial attribute to a player (can also be obtained through foods/potions/etc, depending on the game)
CC - Crowd Control: as an attack, it controls several enemies by either freezing, slowing, or generally inhibiting their attack abilities so your team can attack more efficiently
Cooldown - After certain attacks or spells are used, the cooldown is the time before the attack can be used again
Crit Hit - Critical Hit: When the maximum amount of damage for an attack is reached, it is called a critical hit
Debuff - Spell that decreases a beneficial attribute of a Mob or player (can also be obtained through poisons/etc, depending on the game)
DOT - Damage over Time: When a spell or attack deals damage over a period of time
DPS - Damage Per Second
EXP - Experience: points received for killing mobs, completing quests, etc; used to increase in level and strength
Grinding - Killing mobs for experience without regard to a quest or other goal
HP / Health Points / Hit Points - measure of a character's life; decreases upon injury
Instance - A specific area that exists only to a particular to a specific player or group of players
Kill Steal - Killing a Mob another player was in the process of attacking (generally to steal the EXP and/or loot drop)
Kite/Kiting - Tactical technique that reduces the amount of melee damage taken; generally involves using ranged attacks, then running away, then ranged attack, then running, all while the mob chases you until it dies (hopefully without ever getting near enough to land a hit)
Leech - Stealing experience and/or items; Sometimes a player will follow closely behind a group of a higher-level player as they perform a specific quest. The group does all the work clearing a path to the quest and the leech can then complete the quest without doing all the work
Loot - Objects obtained as rewards for killing mobs, completing quests, opening chests, etc.
Melee - Close-combat attacks performed with martial arts or with melee weapons: swords, axes, hammers, daggers, scythes, etc
MMORPG - Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game
Mob - "Mobile objects" / "Mobile Object Blocks" OR "Monster or Beast": generic term for a non-player entity whose primary purpose is to be killed for experience, quest objective, or loot. They tend to be aggressive to all players
MP / Mana Points / Magic Points - a measure of how much magic a character has to cast spells
MPK - Monster Player Kill: luring a monster to kill another player
Nerf - To reduce the capabilities, power, or attributes of a weapon or attack, or even an entire race/class; in an attempt by the developers to balance gameplay
Noob/n00b/newb (etc) - New or inexperienced player (generally an insult)
NPC - Non-Player Character (entity in-game controlled by the game/computer)
PC - Player Character (character controlled by a human player)
PK - Player Kill: killing another player
PvE - Player vs Environment: Fighting against Mobs and other game-controlled enemies
PvP - Player vs Player: Fighting against player-controlled characters
Regen - Regenerate: depending on the game, mobs and/or players may have functions to automatically regenerate HP, MP, and/or SP. Mobs, especially elite mobs, often have an HP regen function that allows them to regain HP during a fight, so the players fighting have to deal more damage per second than the mob can heal
SP / Stamina Points - measure of a character's stamina; meaning greatly changes depending upon the gameplay
Stun - Attack that stops a player or mob from attacking (and usually moving at all); usually only lasts a short time
Tank - Character with inherent high armor factor, high defense, high strength; they can take more damage than most characters. Used to Hold Aggro during team fights so lower-defense characters don't take damage. (Also makes it easier on healers if they only have to focus on Tanks)