Known as the Resorgimento, or the Resurgence in English, the Unification of Italy was the 4 decade long mission to unify all Italians.
Giuseppe Garibaldi, a democrat, failed to unite Italy under a democratic country.
He led a leigon of Red Shirts, and joined the 1848 Revolutions to attempt to overthrow the sitting monarchs, which failed.
Camillo de Cavour united Italy using Realpolitiks under the crown of Sardinia.
Sardinia allied with France, and Austria declared war on Sardinia, which resulted in a war.
Revolutionary assemblies in Italy voted in favour of Uniting Italy after Cavour's success on the War.
Garibaldi came out of self imposed exile and led the latter day, Red Shirt Army, or also known as the thousand, Garibaldi became successful in the battles in the Liberation of Sicily and Naples.
Cavour was afraid that a democrat would replace him in position, to end Garibaldi's army from moving forward, Cavour ordered his Soldiers to march through the Papal States, and thr Kingdom of Naples. Sardinia and Naples was given to the Sardinians after the War, then Italy was declared a United Country. Real politik was working well for the country, after the Franco-Prussian War, Victor Emmanuel II took control of Rome, until it was declared the Capital of the new City.