Chereads / the journey to the west / Chapter 37 - Entering the empire

Chapter 37 - Entering the empire

The foolish monk laughed and said, "This filthy monk is mad! A lunatic! You want seven thousand taels of silver for two such common articles? They are not worth that much even if wearing them would make you immortal or turn you into a buddha. Take them away! You'll never be able to sell them!"

The Bodhisattva did not bother to argue with him; she walked away and proceeded on her journey with Mokṣa.

After a long while, they came to the Eastern Flower Gate and ran right into the chief minister Xiao Yu, who was just returning from court. His outriders were shouting to clear the streets, but the Bodhisattva boldly refused to step aside. She stood on the street holding the cassock and met the chief minister head on.

The chief minister pulled in his reins to look at this bright, luminous cassock, and asked his subordinates to inquire about the price of the garment. "I want five thousand taels for the cassock," said the Bodhisattva, "and two thousand for the staff."

"What is so good about them," asked Xiao Yu, "that they should be so expensive?"

"This cassock," said the Bodhisattva, "has something good about it, and something bad, too. For some people it may be very expensive, but for others it may cost nothing at all."

"What's good about it," asked Xiao Yu, "and what's bad about it?"

"He who wears my cassock," replied the Bodhisattva, "will not fall into perdition, will not suffer in Hell, will not encounter violence, and will not meet tigers and wolves. That's how good it is! But if the person happens to be a foolish monk who relishes pleasures and rejoices in iniquities, or a priest who obeys neither the dietary laws nor the commandments, or a worldly fellow who attacks the sūtras and slanders the Buddha, he will never even get to see my cassock. That's what's bad about it!"

The chief minister asked again, "What do you mean, it will be expensive for some and not expensive for others?"

"He who does not follow the Law of Buddha," said the Bodhisattva, "or revere the Three Jewels will be required to pay seven thousand taels if he insists on buying my cassock and my staff. That's how expensive it'll be! But if he honors the Three Jewels, rejoices in doing good deeds, and obeys our Buddha, he is a person worthy of these things. I shall willingly give him the cassock and the staff to establish an affinity of goodness with him. That's what I meant when I said that for some it would cost nothing."

When Xiao Yu heard these words, his face could not hide his pleasure, for he knew that this was a good person. He dismounted at once and greeted the Bodhisattva ceremoniously, saying, "Your Holy Eminence, please pardon whatever offense Xiao Yu might have caused. Our Great Tang Emperor is a most dharmic person and all the officials of his court are like-minded. In fact, we have just begun a Grand Mass of Land and Water, and this cassock will be most appropriate for the use of Chen Xuanzang, the Grand Expositor of the Faith. Let me go with you to have an audience with the Throne."

The Bodhisattva was happy to comply with the suggestion. They turned around and went into the Eastern Flower Gate. The Custodian of the Yellow Door went inside to make the report, and they were summoned to the Treasure Hall, where Xiao Yu and the two monks covered with scabs and sores stood below the steps.

"What does Xiao Yu want to report to us?" asked the Tang emperor.Prostrating himself before the steps, Xiao Yu said, "Your subject going out of the Eastern Flower Gate met by chance these two monks, selling a cassock and a priestly staff. I thought of the priest, Xuanzang, who might wear this garment. For this reason, we asked to have an audience with Your Majesty."

Highly pleased, Taizong asked for the price of the cassock. The Bodhisattva and Mokṣa stood at the foot of the steps but did not bow at all. When asked the price of the cassock, the Bodhisattva replied, "Five thousand taels for the cassock and two thousand for the priestly staff."

"What's so good about the cassock," said Taizong, "that it should cost so much?"

The Bodhisattva said:

"Of this cassock,

A dragon which wears but one shred

Will miss the woe of being devoured by the great roc;

Or a crane on which one thread is hung

Will transcend this world and reach the place of the gods. Sit in it:

Ten thousand gods will salute you!

Move with it:

Seven Buddhas will follow you!

This cassock was made of silk drawn from ice silkworm And threads spun by skilled craftsmen.

Immortal girls did the weaving;

Divine maidens helped at the loom.

Bit by bit, the parts were sewn and embroidered.

Stitch by stitch, it arose—a brocade from the heddle,

Its pellucid weave finer than ornate blooms.

Its colors, brilliant, emit precious light.

Wear it, and crimson mist will surround your frame.

Doff it, and see the colored clouds take flight.

Outside the Three Heavens door its primal light was seen; Before the Five Mountains its magic aura grew.

In laid are layers of lotus from the West,

And hanging pearls shine like planets and stars.

On four corners are pearls that glow at night;

On top stays fastened an emerald.

Though lacking the all-seeing primal form,

It's held by Eight Treasures all aglow.

This cassock

You keep folded at leisure;

You wear it to meet sages.

When it's kept folded at leisure,

Its rainbowlike hues cut through a thousand wrappings.

When you wear it to meet sages,

All Heaven takes fright—both demons and gods! On top are the ṛddhi pearl,

The māṇi pearl,The dust-clearing pearl,

The wind-stopping pearl.

There are also the red cornelian,

The purple coral,

The luminescent pearl,

The Śārīputra.

They rob the moon of its whiteness;

They match the sun in its redness.

In waves its divine aura imbues the sky;

In flashes its brightness lifts up its perfection.

In waves its divine aura imbues the sky, Flooding the Gate of Heaven.

In flashes its brightness lifts up its perfection, Lighting up the whole world.

Shining upon the mountains and the streams, It wakens tigers and leopards;

Lighting up the isles and the seas,

It moves dragons and fishes.

Along its edges hang two chains of melted gold And joins the collars a ring of snow-white jade.

The poem says:

The august Three Jewels most noble truths

Judge all Four Creatures on the Sixfold Path.

The mind brightened feeds on God's Law and man's;

The nature perceived transmits the wisdom lamp.

Solemn Vajradhātu guards one's body

When a mind's pure like ice in flasks of jade.

Since Buddha caused this cassock to be made,

Which ten thousand kalpas could harm a monk?"

When the Tang emperor, who was up in the Treasure Hall, heard these words, he was highly pleased. "Tell me, priest," he asked again, "What's so good about the nine- ring priestly staff?"

"My staff," said the Bodhisattva, "has on it

Nine joined-rings made of iron and set in bronze,

And nine joints of vine immortal ever young.

When held, it scorns the sight of aging bones;

It leaves the mount to return with fleecy clouds.

It roamed through Heaven with the Fifth Patriarch;

It broke Hell‟s gate where Luo Bo sought his Mom.

Not soiled by the filth of this red-dust world,

It gladly trails the god-monk up Mount Jade."

When the Tang emperor heard these words, he gave the order to have the cassock spread open so that he might examine it carefully from top to bottom. It was indeed a marvelous thing! "Venerable Elder of the Great Law," he said, "we shall not deceive you. At this very moment we have exalted the Dharma of Mercy and planted abundantly in the fields of blessing. You may see many priests assembled in the Temple of Transformation to perform the Law and the sūtras. In their midst is a man of great merit and virtue, whose religious name is Xuanzang. We wish, therefore, to purchase these two treasure objects from you to give them to him. How much do you really want for these things?"

Hearing these words, the Bodhisattva and Mokṣa folded their hands and gave praise to the Buddha.

"If he is a man of virtue and merit," she said to the Throne, bowing, "this humble cleric is willing to give them to him. I shall not accept any money." She finished speaking and turned at once to leave. The Tang emperor quickly asked Xiao Yu to hold her back.

Standing up in the Hall, he bowed low before saying, "Previously you claimed that the cassock was worth five thousand taels of silver, and the staff two thousand. Now that you see we want to buy them, you refuse to accept payment. Are you implying that we would bank on our position and take your possession by force? That's absurd! We shall pay you according to the original sum you asked for; please do not refuse it."

Raising her hands for a salutation, the Bodhisattva said, "This humble cleric made a vow before, stating that anyone who reveres the Three Treasures, rejoices in virtue, and submits to our Buddha will be given these treasures free. Since it is clear that Your Majesty is eager to magnify virtue, to rest in excellence, and to honor our Buddhist faith by having an illustrious monk proclaim the Great Law, it is my duty to present these gifts to you. I shall take no money for them. They will be left here and this humble cleric will take leave of you."

When the Tang emperor saw that she was so insistent, he was very pleased. He ordered the Court of Banquets to prepare a huge vegetarian feast to thank the Bodhisattva, who firmly declined that also. She left amiably and went back to her hiding place at the Temple of the Local Spirit, which we shall mention no further.

We tell you now about Taizong, who held a noon court and asked Wei Zheng to summon Xuanzang to an audience. That Master of the Law was just leading the monks in chanting sūtras and reciting geyas.

When he heard the emperor's decree, he left the platform immediately and followed Wei Zheng to come before the Throne. "We have greatly troubled our Master," said Taizong, "to render exemplary good works, for which we have hardly anything to offer you in thanks. This morning Xiao Yu came upon two monks who were willing to present us with a brocaded cassock with rare treasures and a nine-ring priestly staff. We therefore call specially for you so that you may receive them for your enjoyment and use." Xuanzang kowtowed to express his thanks.

"If our Master of the Law is willing," said Taizong, "please put the garment on for us to have a look."

The priest accordingly shook open the cassock and draped it on his body, holding the staff in his hands. As he stood before the steps, ruler and subjects were all delighted. Here was a true child of Tathāgata! Look at him:

His looks imposing, how elegant and fine! This robe of Buddha fits him like a glove!

Its most lustrous splendor spills o‟er the world; Its bright colors imbue the universe.

Up and down are set rows of shining pearls; Back and front thread layers of golden cords. Brocade gilds the robe's edges all around,With patterns embroidered most varied and rare.

Shaped like Eight Treasures are the thread-made frogs.

A gold ring joins the collars with velvet loops.

It shows on top and bottom Heaven's ranks,

And stars, great and small, are placed left and right.

Great is the fortune of Xuanzang, the priest,

Now most deserving of this precious thing.

He seems a living arhat from the West,

Or even better than its true elite.

He holds his staff and all its nine rings clang, Benefic in his Vairocana hat.

A true Buddha-child, it's no idle tale, He matches the Bodhi and that's no lie!

The various officials, both civil and military, stood before the steps and shouted "Bravo!"

Taizong could not have been more pleased, and he told the Master of the Law to keep his cassock on and the staff in his hands. Two regiments of honor guards were ordered to accompany him along with many other officials. They left the gate of the court and proceeded on the main streets toward the temple, and the whole entourage gave the impression that a zhuangyuan was making a tour of the city.

The procession was a stirring sight indeed! The merchants and tradesmen in the city of Chang'an, the princes and noblemen, the men of ink and letters, the grown men and the little girls—they all vied to get a good view. Everyone exclaimed, "What a priest! He is truly a living arhat descended to Earth, a live bodhisattva coming to the world!"

Xuanzang went right to the temple where he was met by all the monks leaving their seats. The moment they saw him wearing that cassock and holding the staff, they all said that King Kṣitigarbha had arrived! Everyone bowed to him and waited on him left and right.

Going up to the main hall, Xuanzang lighted incense to honor the Buddha, after which he spoke of the emperor's favor to the multitude. Thereafter, each went back to his assigned seat, and soon the fiery orb sank west ward.

So it was

Sunset: mist hid trees and grasses;

The capital's first chimes rang out.

Zheng-zheng they struck thrice, and human traffic ceased;

Streets back and front soon grew quiet.

Though lights burned bright at First Temple,

The lone village was hush and mute.

The monk focused to tend the sūtras still—

Time to smelt demons, to nurse his spirit.

Time went by like the snapping of fingers, and the formal celebration of the Grand Mass on the seventh day was to take place. Xuanzang presented the Tang emperor with a memorial, inviting him to raise the incense. News of these good works was circulating throughout the empire.

Upon receiving the notice, Taizong sent for his carriage and led many of his officials, both civil and military, as well as his relatives and the ladies of the court, to the temple. All the people of the city—young and old, nobles and commoners—went along also to hear the preaching.