In these historical legal systems, individuals were granted the right to self-defense. This meant they could use reasonable force to safeguard themselves, their families, and their property from immediate threats. However, this right came with certain limitations.
People were expected to use a level of force that matched the threat they faced. Excessive force, beyond what was necessary, could lead to legal consequences. Self-defense was typically allowed when there was an immediate threat. Individuals had to genuinely believe that they were in immediate peril.
Some legal systems required individuals to first attempt to avoid or retreat from a conflict if it was feasible, before resorting to violence. The right to self-defense was subject to the broader considerations of public safety and the welfare of society. Actions that risked public order or escalated violence might not be protected.
