Download Chereads APP
Chereads App StoreGoogle Play
Chereads

Farhat Ishtiaq

History of pakistan 1947

On 14 August 1947 (27th of Ramadan in 1366 of the Islamic Calendar) Pakistan gained independence. India gained independence the following day. Two of the provinces of British India, Punjab and Bengal, were divided along religious lines by the Radcliffe Commission. Lord Mountbatten is alleged to have influenced the Radcliffe Commission to draw the lines in India's favour.[39][40][41] Punjab's mostly Muslim western part went to Pakistan and its mostly Hindu and Sikh eastern part went to India, but there were significant Muslim minorities in Punjab's eastern section and light Hindus and Sikhs minorities living in Punjab's western areas. There was no conception that population transfers would be necessary because of the partitioning. Religious minorities were expected to stay put in the states they found themselves residing in. However, an exception was made for Punjab which did not apply to other provinces.[42][43] Intense communal rioting in the Punjab forced the governments of India and Pakistan to agree to a forced population exchange of Muslim and Hindu/Sikh minorities living in Punjab. After this population exchange only a few thousand low-caste Hindus remained in Pakistani Punjab and only a tiny Muslim population remained in the town of Malerkotla in India's part of Punjab.[44] Political scientist Ishtiaq Ahmed says that although Muslims started the violence in Punjab, by the end of 1947 more Muslims had been killed by Hindus and Sikhs in East Punjab than the number of Hindus and Sikhs who had been killed by Muslims in West Punjab.[45][46][47] Nehru wrote to Gandhi on 22 August that up to then, twice as many Muslims had been killed in East Punjab than Hindus and Sikhs in West Punjab.[48] More than ten million people migrated across the new borders and between 200,000 and 2,000,000[49][50][51][52] people died in the spate of communal violence in the Punjab in what some scholars have described as a 'retributive genocide' between the religions.[53] The Pakistani government claimed that 50,000 Muslim women were abducted and raped by Hindu and Sikh men and similarly the Indian government claimed that Muslims abducted and raped 33,000 Hindu and Sikh women.[54][55][56] The two governments agreed to repatriate abducted women and thousands of Hindu, Sikh and Muslim women were repatriated to their families in the 1950s. The dispute over Kashmir escalated into the first war between India and Pakistan. With the assistance of the United Nations (UN) the war was ended but it became the Kashmir dispute, unresolved as of 2021.
Abdul_Shakoor_7478 · 3.2K Views

Terjerat Gairah Semu

Dari awal pernikahannya, Dara tidak pernah mendapatkan kepuasan biologis dari Guntur, suaminya. Hal itu yang mendorong Dara hingga nekat mencari kepuasan di luar rumah, selain memuaskan dirinya sendiri. Bermain dengan khayalan dan imajinasinya yang berkembang liar di kepala. Suatu hari Dara bertemu dengan Farhat, seorang lelaki keturunan Bombay yang ia kenal di tempat Gym. Tanpa sepengetahuan Guntur, Imajinasi Dara semakin bertambah liar, ia selalu membayangkan Farhat sebagai objek pelampiasan napsunya dan berharap semua khayalan tentang puncak kepuasan yang ia impikan selama pernikahannya dapat terealisasi dengan lelaki keturunan Bombay itu. Dan semuanya terwujud. Dara dan Farhat melakukannya. Khayalan dan Imajinasi Dara terbawa saat Guntur yang baru saja sembuh dari lemah syahwatnya, mulai memberi nafkah batin setelah 3 bulan pernikahan mereka. Tanpa sadar Dara menyebut nama Farhat saat ia mencapai puncak gairah. Guntur mengamuk, saat itu juga ia menceraikan dan mengusir Dara dari rumahnya. Dengan perasaan bersalah, Dara kembali ke rumah Farhat. Tetapi, kejutan lain ternyata sudah menunggunya di sana. Lalu tanpa ia duga sebelumnya, permainan gairah dan hasrat yang berbahaya itu kemudian membawanya ke dalam arus petualangan cinta semu, hingga ia terjerumus ke dunia hitam yang penuh dengan kepalsuan cinta yang hanya terbungkus napsu. Pernikahan kontrak dengan Farhat hanya terasa indah di permukaan. Di dalamnya terdapat tipu dan siasat yang menjerumuskan. Bagaimana nasib Dara selanjutnya? Dapatkah ia mendapatkan kebahagiaan setelah hasrat semu yang ia ciptakan sendiri terpuaskan dengan sangat liar dan tidak terkendali itu? Lalu, apa kabar Guntur? Permanenkah kesembuhannya? Bagaimana kehidupan Guntur selanjutnya? Apakah ia bertemu kembali dengan Dara?
JariiTengaah · 30.2K Views
Related Topics
More