Download Chereads APP
Chereads App StoreGoogle Play
Chereads

Atomic Structure Jee

Abraham–Lorentz force

Book Blurb: Abraham–Lorentz Force Delve into the intricate world of electrodynamics with Abraham–Lorentz Force, a comprehensive exploration that spans over a century of scientific discovery. This book takes you on a journey from the foundational principles of classical electrodynamics, as established by Maxwell and Lorentz, through the early developments in radiation reaction and the formulation of the non-relativistic Abraham–Lorentz force. It then ventures into the realm of relativity with detailed analyses of the Abraham–Lorentz–Dirac equation and its modern extensions, including alternate formulations such as the Landau–Lifshitz approach. At its core, Abraham–Lorentz Force bridges the gap between theory and experiment. Readers will discover advanced theoretical perspectives, delve into experimental investigations that test these ideas, and explore how collective phenomena in plasmas and quantum theories converge to shape our understanding of self-interaction. The latter chapters address future directions and unresolved questions, challenging the reader to consider the classical–quantum transition, self-force problems in quantum gravity and string theory, and even the quest for a grand unified theory. Structured into twelve meticulously organized chapters, the book begins with: • Chapter 1: Foundations of Classical Electrodynamics – Laying the groundwork with Maxwell’s equations and the Lorentz force. • Chapter 2: Early Developments in Radiation Reaction – Tracing the pioneering work that first identified the self-interaction of accelerating charges. • Chapter 3: The Non-Relativistic Abraham–Lorentz Force – Analyzing the classical self-force in low-speed regimes. • Chapter 4: Relativistic Extensions and the Abraham–Lorentz–Dirac Equation – Extending the theory into the relativistic domain. • Chapter 5: Alternate Formulations and the Landau–Lifshitz Approach – Introducing pragmatic alternatives that avoid pathological predictions. • Chapter 6: Advanced Theoretical Perspectives – Exploring cutting-edge ideas that push the boundaries of current models. • Chapter 7: Experimental Investigations and Observations – Reviewing key experiments that validate and challenge theoretical predictions. • Chapter 8: Collective Phenomena in Plasmas – Examining how self-interaction affects the dynamics of complex plasma systems. • Chapter 9: Connections to Quantum Theories – Linking classical concepts to quantum electrodynamics and beyond. • Chapter 10: Future Directions and Unresolved Questions – Highlighting emerging research frontiers and ongoing challenges. • Chapter 11: Appendices – Providing essential mathematical identities, notational conventions, and historical documents. • Chapter 12: Analysis of References in Electrodynamics and Radiation Reaction – Evaluating the significance and impact of seminal works in the field. This book is an indispensable resource for PhD students, researchers, and professionals seeking to gain a deep, nuanced understanding of radiation reaction and self-interaction. It blends rigorous theory with practical insights, supported by extensive historical context and modern experimental evidence. With clear explanations, vivid analogies, and carefully structured content, Abraham–Lorentz Force not only encapsulates the evolution of electrodynamics but also illuminates the future directions of this dynamic field.
Andrew_Bardsley · 158 Views

The Fermi Paradox (1)

Why does the universe seem so silent if it harbors countless stars and planets? In The Fermi Paradox, a comprehensive and thought-provoking exploration, readers journey from the paradox’s humble beginnings—when Enrico Fermi posed his famous question “Where is everybody?”—to the cutting-edge technologies and theories that might finally yield answers. Through ten meticulously structured chapters, this volume unfolds the paradox from every angle. It begins with the historical and scientific foundations that shaped the early debate, then delves into the staggering scale and probability calculations suggesting we should be surrounded by extraterrestrial civilizations. Readers are guided through the latest astronomical observations—why we see only “great silence” where we once expected cosmic chatter—and introduced to pivotal theories like the Great Filter, the Rare Earth hypothesis, and the darker side of technological evolution. Sociological and economic analyses add human context, revealing how cultural forces might shape our cosmic destiny. Finally, The Fermi Paradox tackles alternative conjectures, from simulated realities to hidden alien probes, before mapping out future directions that blend ethical questions, advanced detection projects, and a synthesis of the most credible scholarly references. For anyone seeking a deep, multifaceted understanding of why our universe appears so quiet, this book offers both clarity and wonder.
Andrew_Bardsley · 66 Views

Earth's Greatest Magus

#Top 20 Webnovel Best Sellers 2021, 2022, 2023, and in 2024 #### History is said to be written by the victors. If so, how about Earth's history? Two millennia ago, a young boy named Emery met a tragic fate. In his final moments, he was transmigrated and accepted into the Universe's most prestigious school of magic. “You are among the chosen few from thousands of human worlds. Whether you seize this opportunity or not, is up to you. You are at Magus Academy, the pinnacle of humanity's ingenuity. Magic, science, and might are all within reach for those who dare to pursue them." [Scan complete - Quadruple affinity. Water, Earth, Plant, and Darkness.] "A quadruple acolyte! Only one in tens of thousands of acolytes possess this!" Thus began Emery’s journey together with his 4 friends from the furthest corner of Earth. Each year they returned to Earth to grow, seek revenge, save the princess, conquer the world, and become Earth's Greatest Magus. Their names are still etched in our history books to this day. Authors Note: I have always been fascinated by writing fantasy relating to historical facts. In this story, you will find characters inspired by real-world myth and legend. The universe I created hopefully will make the reader's imagination excited and logically plausible. I hope you enjoy it. ### Here are some key aspects you'll encounter: MC: The protagonist follows the classic weak-to-strong arc. World: Picture a blend of Harry Potter and Star Wars. System: While it's primarily a magic-based story, there's a structured system in place that's easy to follow. Additionally, elements of cultivation. Harem: No, there are several female interests. But I enjoy romance first. So even if there will be more than one love interest it will be deep. Note: English is not my first language, but you'll notice that my writing and English skills gradually improve throughout the chapters. Other: The novel delves into deep research on science and history, enriching the storyline with factual and intriguing details. Give it a read—you might be pleasantly surprised by what unfolds. Check Out the Video Trailer on youtube type "Earth's Greatest Magus"
Avan · 11.8M Views

Creed: World’s Strongest

“You’ve been researching for years with nothing to show for it. Why not try something else?” Samia’s tone was sharp, but there was a thread of concern beneath it as she leaned against the doorframe. The room smelled faintly of sterilizing agents, and the rhythmic clicking of keys filled the silence. Dr. Elias didn’t respond immediately. Dressed in his lab coat, he stared at the screen with unwavering focus, his fingers flying over the keyboard. When he finally turned to her, a slow, almost unsettling smile spread across his face. For a moment, he looked like any other scientist lost in his work—until he blinked. The motion was unnatural, his eyelids sliding horizontally across his eyes like a lizard’s. “Samia,” he said, his voice calm but electric with excitement, “I’ve figured it out. This time, it will work.” She opened her mouth to respond, but he was already on his feet, moving past her with an urgency that demanded she follow. They made their way through the sterile corridors of the facility, the fluorescent lights overhead casting a cold glow on the walls. The reinforced chamber was a stark contrast to the rest of the building. Thick steel doors hissed as they opened, and the hum of machinery grew louder as they stepped inside. In the center of the room stood a massive contraption—a web of wires, tubes, and blinking monitors surrounding a sleek, cylindrical core. “What is it this time?” Samia asked, her arms crossed tightly against her chest. Dr. Elias didn’t answer. Instead, he moved with practiced precision, attaching cables and adjusting dials. The air felt heavier here, charged with the anticipation of something monumental—or catastrophic. “Get your goggles,” he said at last, stepping behind the protective glass. He tapped the side of his goggles, the lenses catching the faint blue glow of the machine. Samia hesitated. She had seen him fail before. Years of promises and miscalculations had made her wary, but there was something different in his demeanor this time—something unsettlingly confident. Reluctantly, she turned and jogged back to the lab to retrieve her goggles. The first explosion hit when she was halfway down the hall. The floor bucked beneath her, and she stumbled, her heart leaping into her throat. A deep, resonating boom echoed through the building, followed by a blaring alarm. “Dr. Elias!” she shouted, spinning around. Smoke and dust billowed toward her, and the acrid scent of burning wires filled the air. Part of the ceiling had collapsed, cutting off her path back to the reinforced chamber. And then she saw it. Through the swirling haze, a glowing orb hovered in the wreckage, pulsating with a light that seemed alive. It started small, no bigger than her fist, but it was growing—expanding with an eerie, deliberate rhythm. The hum it emitted was low and bone-deep, vibrating through the air and into her chest. “No, no, no,” she muttered, backing away. Every instinct screamed at her to run. She turned and bolted for the exit, her shoes skidding on the slick floor as she raced against the inevitable. She had barely reached the stairwell when a second explosion ripped through the building. The force of it threw her forward, and she hit the ground hard. Her vision blurred as heat and light engulfed her. Somewhere in the distance, she heard the structure groan as it gave way entirely. Then, everything went black.
Basil_Chaway · 2K Views

Miscellaneous Stories

Education is not the amount of information that is put into your brain and runs mayhem there, undigested,all your life.we must have life-building, man-making, character-making of ideas. If you have ideas and made them your life and character, than you have more education than anyman,who has got by heart a whole library. Miscellaneous Stories fix those idea's in your memory and try to grow your personal growth' with your character and helps you understand within you. This stories will help you to build yourself from scratch,recarnate your mind and helps you to create idea's to progress in Life." Miscellaneous Stories will process a structure in your life, by concentrating practice which will provide stable state in your future growth.This stories will motivate you in yourself,but you should be aware of to balance your mind. Miscellaneous Stories experienced you to grow ideas, social growth,put a confident line in your life.This stories are easy to understand and remember. To reduce struggle!" in our life, decision-making, personal possessions, anxiety, stress, depression, all that we face in our life by the cause of uncontrollable state of mind. We want everything in our life, luxurious life, house, career, spouse, cars ,to get this we need control our turbulent thoughts that are stumbles in your life' and you are aware of it but we try to ignore it!" To reduce those turbulent thoughts!" We need to put new idea's in our mind. This stories will restrain you, from your 'turbulent thoughts mulling over your minds of misery, hatreds, jealousy, impatience in life.Miscellaneous stories is full of adventure and fantasy, journey, travel,esp.which will overcome fear of Mind. Life is a series of fights, secrets of life is not enjoyment but education through experience. The road to life is the steepest and roughest in the universe. Character has to be built through a thousand stumbles. Miscellaneous Stories will block those stumbles!"
Joy_Sarma · 169 Views

Global Ice Age Survival: Starting with SSS+ ranked Talent

Lan Sol was a beta tester for an open-world survival strategy game called *Global Ice Age Survival*. The game had only released its beta version over the years, with no sign of a public release anytime soon. The premise of the game was simple: Upgrade the campfire—the most crucial source of warmth and the heart of the territory—build various structures, recruit workers, and survive in the frozen world. Sounds boring? Not quite. The game featured monsters, magic, dungeons, and numerous kingdoms scattered across multiple continents. Players could ally with kingdoms, conquer them, or even dominate the entire world. The ultimate goal? Transform a medieval-themed kingdom into a modern, automated one. The game was difficult but oddly satisfying. Lan Sol had finally achieved a 100% completion rate. He eagerly awaited the official release, excited to conquer the game once more. But when he woke up the next day, he found himself in a snowy wasteland. A cold wind howled as the world around him lay blanketed in white. It was so cold that it felt as though the sun no longer existed. It didn’t take long for him to realize he had been transported into the very game he had played for over a year. And he wasn’t alone—every individual on Earth had been transported to this icy world. Waking up next to a campfire, Lan Sol began his journey by upgrading it, knowing it was the first step to survival. Before long, he discovered he had received an exclusive reward: an SSS+ ranked talent.
Magic_is_Cool · 37.5K Views

The Infinite Chronomaster

In a world where time reigns supreme, Elias lives in a society where one’s lifespan determines their place in the world. The longer a person can live, the more powerful they are, with those capable of living for thousands of years revered as the greatest talents. Talent, power, and influence are all tied to how long a person can live, and the key to unlocking more abilities lies in mastering time itself. But Elias is different. He is not bound by time, and this anomaly makes him both a curiosity and an outcast. While others with greater lifespans can control time in various ways, Elias is free to manipulate it without the limitations that bind others. His world, dominated by the mastery of time, is built on the belief that time is the most valuable resource—those who control it, control everything. That is, until one fateful day, when a mysterious VR game suddenly appears in the world. This game doesn’t just offer an escape—it promises to expose the inhabitants of Elias’s world to other elements beyond time itself. For the first time, Elias encounters the possibility of controlling not just time, but new powers—fire, water, and other forces that challenge the very structure of his world. When Elias steps into the game, he realizes that his unique connection to time makes him an anomaly even within the virtual realm. But here, in this world of infinite possibilities, Elias must learn to harness powers beyond time, develop his talents, and fight against forces that could destabilize both his world and the game. As Elias progresses through the game, he discovers that he can combine time infinitely with other elements, creating powerful and unique combinations. He combines time with water, fire, earth, and even artifacts, unlocking an unprecedented range of abilities. But he soon realizes that this isn't his limit—there's more to his power than he has discovered. As Elias delves deeper into the VR world, he begins to learn that his ability to manipulate time can extend far beyond what he ever imagined. He can merge time with life, death, and even the universe itself, pushing his powers to unimaginable levels. But as Elias grows stronger, the line between the game and reality begins to blur. What was once a game becomes a race against time itself. Will Elias master the infinite powers of time before they consume him, or will the sudden appearance of this VR game change his fate forever? In a world ruled by time, Elias must now learn to harness the powers of other elements—before the game consumes him and his world. Discord Link: https://discord.gg/RtRm929MWD
Chaotic_Being · 484 Views

The Villain Holds Infinite Resources at the World's Fall

The world as we know it has crumbled. A towering, mysterious structure has erupted at the center of the planet, bringing with it legions of monsters and apparitions, plunging humanity into chaos. [AWAKENING TALENTS ] [ NEXT MONSTER WAVE - 19 DAYS LEFT ] While survivors scramble, Nyx, a detached and cunning college student, sees this as the perfect opportunity to rise, he realizes this broken world is his playground. [ HOST HAS AWAKENED TALENT TIER: Z ] [ GENERATE ] [ HOST HAS RECEIVED 'GENERATED SKILL' ] [ HOST HAS RECEIVED SKILL TIER: SS ] [ COMMAND ] With infinite resources at his disposal and a mind honed for manipulation, Nyx begins his ascent—ready to bend the apocalyptic world to his will behind the scene. The Villain Has Infinite Resources at World End centers on Nyx Valmeister, a brilliant and ruthless anti-hero who rises to power in a world thrown into chaos by monstrous invasions and a mysterious Tower. Nyx, a sociopath who awakens a system with the power to generate skills, weapons, and resources at will, views the apocalypse as an opportunity rather than a tragedy. Armed with his talent and cold logic, he systematically eliminates threats, manipulates survivors, and builds an empire on the ruins of society. Unlike typical heroes, Nyx is driven purely by self-interest and power. He has no qualms about sacrificing others for his goals, seeing people as pawns or useful assets—nothing more. His ability to combine skills and equipment into more potent forms gives him an edge over other survivors, and his strategic mind allows him to exploit every advantage. I CAN ASSURE YOU - MC IS SPECIAL
Acetic · 89.7K Views

Gene System

Blake is a young man who has had to suffer through devastation over and over again losing more than just an arm. With no power of his own he could barely stand a chance against others or even be deemed useful by the military. All he can do is accept his sister's help bitterly knowing he can't return it to the same effect. After a series of events a meeting with near death shocks him to his very core changing his life forever. Awakening a hidden element buried deep within his genetic code. The Gene System, an advanced complex genetic technology used to expand and improve the overall potential and direction of evolution for the user's genetic code naturally mapping out and directing where the user should go with the growth they obtain. Not much else is known, only that few on every planet are given one through unknown means. The current state of the world is racked with unbridled chaos as the military fruitless attempts to stop the atrocities committed by the organisation known as the Gene hunters. Seeking to steal and splice any genetic data they can get their hands on by whatever psychotic means whether it be dissection, slow harvesting or cloning ethics are not a concern. Hundreds of thousands have been affected by the gene hunters including Blake's family. Some are never seen again, just used as cows for genetic harvesting over and over again until they dried up never to see their families again. Changes have begun to sprout in the background of earth leading to more and more mysterious events occurring, genetic powers becoming stronger, animals becoming mutated and evolving faster than normal generational lines. All the while in the background an unknown force beyond human comprehension lurks just beyond the veil waiting patiently for the time to run out and indulge in his planet level feast devouring all life in sight. Blake will give his all to overcome these brutal circumstances by whatever means. No matter the pain, suffering or loss he will continue to go forward no matter the cost. Failure isn't a devastation but a stepping stone in his larger goal. In his pursuit to build his strength he wont forget where he came from guarding the weak as someone who grew from that. Seeing the lack of care or acknowledgement to the majority viewed as weak in the military disdain makes him step up as the leader needed to change the structure of this world for the better. In the weak there is strength which Blake knows all too well. His reason to go forward is to become the man he wants to be. The only thing that truly terrifies is the idea of letting it all go, giving up and betraying himself and his potential.
NocturnOwl · 865.4K Views

Trials of Destiny: Way of The Sword

Jin, a user of ki and trained by his master, Roshio until a war broke out and his master died due to sacrificing himself to save Jin. Jin who was in tears vowed to get revenge of the bastards who had started this and killed his master, and his clan members. Being the only survivor of the Bone Structure Palace, The master had handed Jin a weapon to form a contract with. Offically being the master of an broken palace that no longer exists. What will he do to get his revenge? What is he willing to sacrifice for it. ------------ 1. I would like to firstly say that this is my first time writing, so don't expect everything to be perfect for a while. 2. This story is a slow/fast-paced reading. It'll have a mix of both. Some chapters will feel slower because it is, and others will feel faster because it is. 3. It does have romance in it and I wasn't sure to add cultivation because it's more like meditation and like ki gathering and things. However, after going through my thoughts, it was basically the same thing, so I just did it. 4. It's a little all over the place for I'd say the first 6–8 chapters maybe more? But It'll will slowly come together, hopefully… 5. If you do enjoy this, make sure to give it a review and ask other people to read! 6. If there are any questions at all, ask in the comments, and I'll be answering questions every 10 chapters. 7. So update to the list above ^ Romance has been removed due to it taking the first slot and having it show up primarily (I think primarily) as romance and not showing the others before you click on the actual book. It'll still have romance, so don't worry. Nothing will change 8. I would also like to clarify that this is an original work by me, and the clothes i decided to use for the characters, "hanfu" mainly, I do not mean any disrespect to anyone by using it as a novel that is made within america if anyone thought anything like that. I'm simply doing it because i like the design and i think they look extremely cool and also beautiful to me. So again i don't mean any disrespect if im wording any of it wrong. I just really like them.
NexMotions · 12.6K Views
Related Topics
More