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Time and Massless Particles

In Time and Massless Particles: The Nature of Time in Physics, readers embark on a transformative journey through the most profound questions at the heart of modern physics. This comprehensive work seamlessly weaves together the fundamental principles of time—from its classical roots and relativistic evolution to its quantum and cosmological dimensions—with an in-depth exploration of massless particles, the elusive carriers of nature’s fundamental forces. Beginning with an insightful analysis of the nature of time itself and the groundbreaking discoveries that redefined its role in physics, the book guides you through the captivating world of massless particles and their central role in shaping our understanding of light and energy. Delve into the intricacies of special relativity as it bridges time and light, and discover how photons serve as the archetype for massless particles in both theory and technology. Moving beyond the familiar, the narrative unfolds into the quantum realm, where the fabric of time is examined through the lens of quantum mechanics and field theory. Explore the vast cosmos as modern cosmology reveals the interplay between time, light, and the Universe, and then venture into advanced theoretical perspectives that challenge established paradigms—from symmetry principles and CPT invariance to the bold quest for quantum gravity. Blurring the lines between science and philosophy, the book concludes with reflective essays on the philosophical implications of time and existence, and it casts a visionary look at future directions and open questions that promise to reshape our understanding of reality. An analysis of influential references and their impact in theoretical physics further anchors the work in a rich academic tradition, making it an essential resource for researchers and students alike. Time and Massless Particles is a bold, interdisciplinary exploration that not only charts the evolution of our understanding of time but also illuminates the intricate connections between theory, experiment, and the very nature of existence. Whether you are a seasoned physicist or an inquisitive scholar, this book offers a compelling glimpse into the dynamic frontier of modern science.
Andrew_Bardsley · 1.7K Views

Usurping the Universe

A high ceiling, adorned with intricate carvings and fanciful decor. A warm golden light passing through stained glass highlighting the beauty of justice and righteous valour- a contrast to the maleficent beings that would often face this light- illuminates the room. Upon a raised dais, there is a displeased king, and by his side, stern-faced nobles and court officials stare down menacingly at the accused. Below these extinguished figures, bounded by chains and covered in grime, was a six-year-old girl. "Ixion Akastos Vespera" "In the presence of our sovereign King and the noble dukes of this great nation, you are summoned to answer for the grave crimes alleged against you. The entire house of Vespera, your family and lineage, has been wrongfully slain by a treacherous prisoner of theirs. We have reason to believe you have conspired with the ungrateful fiend, betraying your own blood and committing treason against our liege. How do you answer? Are you guilty or not guilty of this heinous crime?" "Not guilty." "Not guilty? Very well. You shall-" "I killed them myself. Not the dragon, only I." Murmurs erupted among the usually unperturbed high-class nobles. "Is it not according to law that a bloodline inheritor may kill all other potential heirs? As for my unfortunate mother, she was merely an unintended mishap." °°° Alexandra Chase, among a million others, found herself in a deadly game orchestrated by a supreme goddess to gain access to another world. Unfortunately, her life in this new world won't be any softer than the one before it. Her drive is not only to survive but also to supersede those beings who stand above. The goddess's schemes are far deeper than she could imagine. She is granted talent, unlimited potential, and terrifying attunement to the world itself with her new body, but many geniuses die young. Her most capable weapon is a concept many have yet to fathom- her soul.
Novel1ntent10ns · 85.1K Views

Cosmic Ascension: The Eternal Flame

In the vast and merciless cosmos, a young cultivator named Xing Yun embarks on a journey of self-discovery and enlightenment. He perceives the universe as a dark forest, filled with hidden dangers and relentless adversaries. Undeterred by the overwhelming darkness, Xing Yun resolves to light a small spark of hope, using his life as a candle to illuminate the path ahead. This spark, though minuscule, is resilient and enduring. It flickers with the determination of countless generations, each adding their own fuel to the flame. Like a fire that starts from a single blade of grass, it gradually consumes the undergrowth, then the shrubs, and finally the towering trees. The flame spreads uncontrollably, fueled by the unwavering spirit of those who came before. As the story unfolds, Xing Yun's journey takes him through the treacherous realms of the cosmos. He encounters ancient civilizations, mythical beasts, and formidable foes, each testing his resolve and pushing him to the brink of his capabilities. Yet, with each challenge he overcomes, his flame grows stronger, fueled by his unwavering will and unbreakable spirit. The novel delves into the themes of perseverance, the power of belief, and the indomitable human spirit. Xing Yun's journey is not just a physical one; it is a spiritual odyssey where he learns to harness the forces of the universe and unlock the secrets of the cosmos. His quest for enlightenment leads him to discover ancient artifacts, hidden knowledge, and the true meaning of his existence. As the spark within him continues to grow, it begins to resonate with the hearts of others. Fellow cultivators, inspired by Xing Yun's courage and determination, join him in his quest. Together, they form a beacon of hope in the dark forest of the universe, their collective flames merging into a mighty conflagration. In the climactic finale, Xing Yun's flame reaches its zenith. The once tiny spark has now become a raging inferno, illuminating the entire cosmos. The dark forest is no more; instead, it is bathed in the radiant glow of Xing Yun's eternal flame. His will and beliefs have transformed the universe, bringing light and hope to every corner. "Cosmic Ascension: The Eternal Flame" is a tale of transformation and triumph. It is a story that reminds us that even in the darkest of times, the smallest spark can ignite a revolution. Xing Yun's journey is a testament to the power of hope and the resilience of the human spirit, inspiring readers to believe in their own potential to light up the world.
2513712514 · 839 Views

SSS Class Necromancer

In a world where darkness was always a step ahead further and the light was late and bleaker, "Grim Dark Online" has become a well acclaimed VRMMORPG, drawing players into its thrilling depths. But when hackers breach the game's firewall, players including Kenji find themselves trapped in this virtual reality after an abrupt system shutdown. As chaos unfolds, the World Soul Barrier collapses, unleashing a horde of demon gods and their minions upon the realm. The Cult of Black Snake, the Silent Nightstalkers assassins, and the slaughter of the Immortals threaten their very fabric of existence. With the World Soul and the World Tree corrupted, Kenji must navigate this perilous landscape armed only with his last playthrough’s knowledge as a Warrior and several other Classes. Previously, he had conquered the God of Death, a necromancer villain, and earned the title of God of Slaughter. But now, faced with the onset of devastation, he is thrown back to the beginning of this nightmare. Desperate to reclaim his former power as a warrior, Kenji discovers that fate has other plans. Instead, he is bestowed the class of Necromancer—the very embodiment of his past fears. This transformation offers him an unexpected opportunity to rise above his previous limitations. With the unique ability to summon minions that mimic his battle instincts, Kenji possesses greater firepower and tactical versatility than ever before. Now, he must embrace his newfound abilities and confront the demon lords and gods that threaten to consume his world. As a warrior trapped in the body of a necromancer, Kenji’s journey is one of survival, adaptation, and redemption in a realm where darkness reigns. Will he harness the power of his newfound powers? Or will the very darkness succumb them all?
Mel_Roy · 46.9K Views

Abraham–Lorentz force

Book Blurb: Abraham–Lorentz Force Delve into the intricate world of electrodynamics with Abraham–Lorentz Force, a comprehensive exploration that spans over a century of scientific discovery. This book takes you on a journey from the foundational principles of classical electrodynamics, as established by Maxwell and Lorentz, through the early developments in radiation reaction and the formulation of the non-relativistic Abraham–Lorentz force. It then ventures into the realm of relativity with detailed analyses of the Abraham–Lorentz–Dirac equation and its modern extensions, including alternate formulations such as the Landau–Lifshitz approach. At its core, Abraham–Lorentz Force bridges the gap between theory and experiment. Readers will discover advanced theoretical perspectives, delve into experimental investigations that test these ideas, and explore how collective phenomena in plasmas and quantum theories converge to shape our understanding of self-interaction. The latter chapters address future directions and unresolved questions, challenging the reader to consider the classical–quantum transition, self-force problems in quantum gravity and string theory, and even the quest for a grand unified theory. Structured into twelve meticulously organized chapters, the book begins with: • Chapter 1: Foundations of Classical Electrodynamics – Laying the groundwork with Maxwell’s equations and the Lorentz force. • Chapter 2: Early Developments in Radiation Reaction – Tracing the pioneering work that first identified the self-interaction of accelerating charges. • Chapter 3: The Non-Relativistic Abraham–Lorentz Force – Analyzing the classical self-force in low-speed regimes. • Chapter 4: Relativistic Extensions and the Abraham–Lorentz–Dirac Equation – Extending the theory into the relativistic domain. • Chapter 5: Alternate Formulations and the Landau–Lifshitz Approach – Introducing pragmatic alternatives that avoid pathological predictions. • Chapter 6: Advanced Theoretical Perspectives – Exploring cutting-edge ideas that push the boundaries of current models. • Chapter 7: Experimental Investigations and Observations – Reviewing key experiments that validate and challenge theoretical predictions. • Chapter 8: Collective Phenomena in Plasmas – Examining how self-interaction affects the dynamics of complex plasma systems. • Chapter 9: Connections to Quantum Theories – Linking classical concepts to quantum electrodynamics and beyond. • Chapter 10: Future Directions and Unresolved Questions – Highlighting emerging research frontiers and ongoing challenges. • Chapter 11: Appendices – Providing essential mathematical identities, notational conventions, and historical documents. • Chapter 12: Analysis of References in Electrodynamics and Radiation Reaction – Evaluating the significance and impact of seminal works in the field. This book is an indispensable resource for PhD students, researchers, and professionals seeking to gain a deep, nuanced understanding of radiation reaction and self-interaction. It blends rigorous theory with practical insights, supported by extensive historical context and modern experimental evidence. With clear explanations, vivid analogies, and carefully structured content, Abraham–Lorentz Force not only encapsulates the evolution of electrodynamics but also illuminates the future directions of this dynamic field.
Andrew_Bardsley · 1K Views

Come, Just as You Are

Dear Diary, What is going on!? Am I seeing things- are my eyes going bad!? I keep on seeing these gray hazy shapes beside people! And no, they're definitely not shadows! They shape is completely different from what it's next to- well, most of the time. I'll just ignore it and maybe it'll go away. -Week later- Dear Diary and my sanity if it's listening, Things are going from delusional to outright cuckoo crazy! I swear I saw a face in the gray globs I've been seeing, but it wasn't scary or anything, it was like catching the face of an angel. And it wasn't like he had perfect features or anything, but his eyes. The care and heartfelt love in them was so... unbelievable? I guess? I can't explain it... I can neither explain what I saw today, but it wasn't the sort of spooky but endearing sort of thing I saw yesterday, but a bewildering (?, yeah, I would put it that way) scene of a witch riding on a broom through out traffic on the highway. Every once in a while, she would disappear into one of the cars and then jump into another one. Strangely enough, after she came out, most of the people driving would either start becoming careless or be shooting off their horn at another car. I am seriously considering going to see a psychiatrist, but I don't want to explain why to my dad, so I'll just ignore it for now. Surely, it'll go away!? -Week later- Dear Diary!!! It hasn't gone away!!!! It's getting worse!! I keep on seeing roads disappearing and being replaced with wide open fields as if no man has touched it before! Not only that, sometimes I see part of a building missing as if a line was drawn straight down in a clean cut and a forest begins as if it was natural! I've been keeping my distance from these strange things I've seen, but now I wonder if I should investigate? I picked a flower from one of my 'hallucinations' and it was real! Maybe, the rest is real too? Could it be possible? But if it is, why did it have to be me? I'm just a normal girl in high school trying to graduate so I can go to college with a dance scholarship. Maybe go on a few dates or see if Sean would help me find a guy from the soccer team? They are so hot! Isn't that hard enough for a girl? -Couple of days later- Dear Diary!!!!!! I have HUGE NEWS! I'm not crazy after all, I actually found someone who gave me some answers! His name... did I ask him? I'm sure I did, but I don't remember! Darn my horrible memory that acts like a willful child choosing what it wants and doesn't! Anyway, I atleast remember the most important thing- I'm not crazy! So it turns out, I came across our forgotten world. Or should I say kingdom. Anyway, he tried to explain that the world is like a coin with 2 faces on it- same world but two parts that can't face each other. Although, we did at one point, but that was before the rebellion and this really evil guy took a third of the kingdom to go up against the king. He didn't win though and retreated. .... but then, what was it? He put out a bet to the king? or something? Ah, faulty memory, I'll have to ask again. But in the long run- he and his minions are fighting the King and his loyal people for our world.... or something. I don't think it has anything to do with me, I'll just enjoy the new scenery I get to see now. -Couple of Months Later- "EXCUSE ME!? You want me to do WHAT NOW!? I must've heard you wrong!"
Smile_4_Life · 4.9K Views

System Nemesis

Between the howls and wails, the screams and cries of women being raped, and the villagers being eaten and butchered like cattle, there was a middle-aged man who was desperately running away while yelling his lungs out. ''Why.... WHY!!! YOU ABSOLUTE FUCKERS!!!'' His clothes were in tatters and marred in blood, with his body being barely able to function. His state was simply beyond recognition. As for where he was running to... It didn't matter... He just wanted to flee the hellish scene that was unfolding behind him. His remote village, the one he had lived in his entire life, was now a fiery beacon illuminating the night. ''Whyyyyy areeeeeee youuuuuuuuuu runninnnnnnnnnnng awwaaayyyy froooooom usssssssss?'' Terrifying low growls and voices could be perceived behind him, and every time he heard them, his body released adrenaline to try to override its limits, but to no avail as his injuries were just too severe. The humanoid creatures pursuing him were like shadows, barely distinguishable through the cover of the night. Their eyes, akin to black holes, were fixed on their prey as it struggled for its pathetic life. Their faint and sinister giggles kept reverberating through the darkness... *** As blood rushed up his throat and leaked at the corners of his mouth, his sinister appearance aggravated to where he resembled a devil. During his maniacal laugh, his punctured lungs had finally given out, causing his whole body to collapse on the ground and dyeing it a scarlet shade. His mind went blank, while his consciousness left his battered body. *** After what appeared to be a few minutes, he suddenly woke up. He was startled at first, but he soon realized that he had indeed died. Everything around him was black, without an ounce of life in sight. He was basically a spirit floating in the absolute void. ''So this is what happens when you die... You just drift in darkness... That's actually underwhelming. I wonder if I'll just fade away'' When Derrick's thoughts started to drift, a prompt appeared in front of him. [Welcome to System Nemesis, Derrick Tarlin] [Would you like to seek revenge? Yes/No]
LaPlume · 1.9M Views

Seduction in 31 days

(warning:r18+ and strong mature content) In a world shrouded in darkness, two souls collided in a dance of destruction.Each harboring secrets that could annihilate them, found themselves inexplicably drawn to the very flame that could consume them. Their lives are a labyrinth of shadows, woven with deceit and bloodlust. Yet, amidst the chaos, they discover a glimmer of light in each other's eyes. A spark that ignited a passion so fierce, it threatened to incinerate them both. Shante Jarret,a siren of seduction,had built a fotress around her heart. But Madden,a maestro of control had a way of dismantling her defenses. With each whispered promises,he chipped away at her armor, exposing the vulnerable soul beneath. Madden Banks,a billionaire with a taste of darkness,had grown accustomed to shadows. But Shante,a female fatale with a kiss that could kill, awakened a hunger within him. A hunger that drove him to crave her touch,her taste,her very essence. As they navigated the treacherous landscapes of their desires,they found themselves bound by an unbreakable thread. A thread woven from the fabric of their own darkness,yet illuminated by the light they discover in eachother. Shante's past was marked by the brutal murder of her parents and her own rape at the age of five,perpetrated by the gangsters she has now taken care of. She has risen from the ashes,forging a new identity as the enigmatic leader of an underground club society. The club,a deadly society of dangerous seductress and evil gigolos,was built on a foundation of darkness and deception. Their mission was clear,hunt,seduce,manipulate,play and take down their targets within three days. The penalty for failure is death and the cardinal rule is simple: NEVER FALL IN LOVE WITH YOUR PREY. Shante received a mission,one that will test her skills and push her to a limit of sanity. Her target - Madden Banks,the same billionaire who awoke a hunger within her. As she delved deeper into his world,she found herself torn between her loyalty to the club and her growing fasination with Madden. *** Excerpt "Hello, I'm Te," Shante purred, her voice dripping with seduction as she extended a manicured hand. Madden's gaze narrowed, his eyes lingering on her face before responding, "Te, as in Tea?" Shante's smile faltered for a moment, her anger simmering just below the surface. But she quickly regained her composure, her voice taking on a husky tone. "No, as in Teeeeee... Short for Shante." Madden's expression remained impassive, his voice curt. "Madden." He turned his attention back to Tyra, dismissing Shante altogether. "I'll be on my way now sissy." He smiled softly. Tyra was about to whine but Shante did the whining instead. "C'mon, it's not so gentlemanly to go without at least taking us on a date." Madden's gaze was fixed on Tyra like she was the only one there and no one said a word. "Later,sis." He winked at Tyra. "What the f..." She scoffed,her eyes flashed with anger, her face burning with indignation,she had never been ignored all her life. That bloody bastard, it's not his fault,not his fau... === "Madd..." Shante hollered as she stormed into his glistening study,her eyes blazing with fury. Madden looked up from his desk, a hint of amusement dancing in his eyes and a sarcastic smile on his lips. "...are you fucking running mad,how dare you change my project to cartoon,you have any idea how many nights that took me?" She spat angrily. "Leave my fucking space,get the hell outta my house and I won't be able to irritate you again." He spoke nonchalantly. Shante's anger boiled over, her palms slapping against his desk. "You can ask well bring it on, cause I'm not leaving even if it's burning to ashes..." *** In the twisted game of cat and mouse, they're both predator and prey. Each move calculated,each kiss a gamble. But as the stakes grew higher,they realize that the greatest danger isn't the secret they kept,but the love they couldn't deny.
Fortune_Oke · 10.3K Views

Endless Proof: Reincarnation Isn't Justice!

Gavin, the peculiar anti-hero of Endless Proof: Reincarnation Isn't Justice!, is a petite, delicate-looking teenage boy whose outward appearance is as unnerving as his personality. With his diminutive frame and androgynous features, he often draws confused glances, an effect only heightened by his striking hair—split evenly between stark white and jet black, as if his very existence is divided between light and shadow. But it’s his eyes that truly unsettle: deep, black voids that seem to swallow light, as though they’re windows to the infinite emptiness of his soul. His unnervingly blank expression often gives way to smirks of dry amusement, the only hint at the chaos he’s about to unleash. Gavin has long since stopped caring about the endless cycle of reincarnation he’s trapped in. With no original life to anchor him and an unending loop of memories from countless worlds, identities, and timelines, he’s grown utterly disillusioned. He doesn’t even bother pretending to be invested anymore. Instead, he’s made a choice: if the universe insists on thrusting him into infinite lives, he’ll make each one a stage for his dark comedy, turning everyone around him into unwitting participants in his whimsical chaos. Despite his frail, ghostlike appearance, Gavin wields immense power, easily bending the rules of each world to suit his humor. He might conjure a fire-breathing dragon, only to make it sneeze bubbles instead of fire. He’s just as likely to replace the fearsome demon king’s minions with a choir of tone-deaf singing slimes or turn the Chosen Hero’s sacred relic into a banana. His deadpan delivery and unflinching apathy only make his antics more jarring—he’ll face world-ending crises with the same energy he uses to decide whether breakfast should include toast. Though Gavin’s jokes are seemingly harmless, they often force other characters to face the absurdity of their own existences. Arrogant knights, stoic kings, and brooding villains are all reduced to bumbling fools in his presence, their grand destinies shredded by his relentless mockery of the narratives they cling to. Yet, underneath his sharp wit and apathetic exterior lies a tragic core—an eternal loneliness born from existing without an origin, a person without a home or purpose. For Gavin, humor is both a weapon and a shield, a way to stave off the crushing weight of eternity. While others see him as an unpredictable force of nature, he sees himself as the punchline to an unfunny cosmic joke. His actions may seem random, but there’s a method to his madness: to remind everyone, including himself, that in a world as absurd as his, laughter is the only thing that makes sense.
Seven_Darkness · 930 Views
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