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Awadhi Bhasha Kaise Sikhe

History of pakistan 1947

On 14 August 1947 (27th of Ramadan in 1366 of the Islamic Calendar) Pakistan gained independence. India gained independence the following day. Two of the provinces of British India, Punjab and Bengal, were divided along religious lines by the Radcliffe Commission. Lord Mountbatten is alleged to have influenced the Radcliffe Commission to draw the lines in India's favour.[39][40][41] Punjab's mostly Muslim western part went to Pakistan and its mostly Hindu and Sikh eastern part went to India, but there were significant Muslim minorities in Punjab's eastern section and light Hindus and Sikhs minorities living in Punjab's western areas. There was no conception that population transfers would be necessary because of the partitioning. Religious minorities were expected to stay put in the states they found themselves residing in. However, an exception was made for Punjab which did not apply to other provinces.[42][43] Intense communal rioting in the Punjab forced the governments of India and Pakistan to agree to a forced population exchange of Muslim and Hindu/Sikh minorities living in Punjab. After this population exchange only a few thousand low-caste Hindus remained in Pakistani Punjab and only a tiny Muslim population remained in the town of Malerkotla in India's part of Punjab.[44] Political scientist Ishtiaq Ahmed says that although Muslims started the violence in Punjab, by the end of 1947 more Muslims had been killed by Hindus and Sikhs in East Punjab than the number of Hindus and Sikhs who had been killed by Muslims in West Punjab.[45][46][47] Nehru wrote to Gandhi on 22 August that up to then, twice as many Muslims had been killed in East Punjab than Hindus and Sikhs in West Punjab.[48] More than ten million people migrated across the new borders and between 200,000 and 2,000,000[49][50][51][52] people died in the spate of communal violence in the Punjab in what some scholars have described as a 'retributive genocide' between the religions.[53] The Pakistani government claimed that 50,000 Muslim women were abducted and raped by Hindu and Sikh men and similarly the Indian government claimed that Muslims abducted and raped 33,000 Hindu and Sikh women.[54][55][56] The two governments agreed to repatriate abducted women and thousands of Hindu, Sikh and Muslim women were repatriated to their families in the 1950s. The dispute over Kashmir escalated into the first war between India and Pakistan. With the assistance of the United Nations (UN) the war was ended but it became the Kashmir dispute, unresolved as of 2021.
Abdul_Shakoor_7478 · 3.2K Views

Army Definition

An army (from Latin arma "arms, weapons" via Old French armée, "armed" [feminine]), ground force or land force is a fighting force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch or armed service of a nation or state. It may also include aviation assets by possessing an army aviation component. Within a national military force, the word army may also mean a field army.  Afghan Army soldiers on parade, 1950s In some countries, such as France and China, the term "army", especially in its plural form "armies", has the broader meaning of armed forces as a whole, while retaining the colloquial sense of land forces. To differentiate the colloquial army from the formal concept of military force, the term is qualified, for example in France the land force is called Armée de terre, meaning Land Army, and the air and space force is called Armée de l'Air et de l’Espace, meaning Air and Space Army. The naval force, although not using the term "army", is also included in the broad sense of the term "armies" — thus the French Navy is an integral component of the collective French Armies (French Armed Forces) under the Ministry of the Armies. A similar pattern is seen in China, with the People's Liberation Army (PLA) being the overall military, the land force being the PLA Ground Force, and so forth for the PLA Air Force, the PLA Navy, and other branches.  The Sikh Regiment marching contingent of the Indian Army on parade, 2015 By convention, irregular military is understood in contrast to regular armies which grew slowly from personal bodyguards or elite militia. Regular in this case refers to standardized doctrines, uniforms, organizations, etc. Regular military can also refer to full-time status (standing army), versus reserve or part-time personnel. Other distinctions may separate statutory forces (established under laws such as the National Defence Act), from de facto "non-statutory" forces such as some guerrilla and revolutionary armies. Armies may also be expeditionary (designed for overseas or international deployment) or fencible (designed for – or restricted to – homeland defence).
Rajesh_Bc · 2.8K Views

The Dreamweaver's Chronicles

The Dreamweaver's Chronicles" Synopsis: In the enchanting land of Veridora, where dreams hold extraordinary power, a young dreamweaver named Emilia embarks on a remarkable journey that will forever change her life. In this world, dreamweavers possess the rare ability to manipulate dreams, shaping them to bring joy, comfort, or even fear to those who slumber. Emilia, a spirited and imaginative girl, dreams of becoming one of the most renowned dreamweavers in Veridora. However, her dreams are shattered when she fails the dreamweaving examination, an essential step to enter the prestigious Dream Academy. Determined to prove herself, Emilia sets off on an adventure to unravel the mystery behind her inability to control her powers. Joined by her loyal and mischievous dream spirit companion, Luna, Emilia embarks on a quest to discover the secrets hidden within the Dreamlands. Along the way, she encounters a diverse group of allies, each with their own dreams and aspirations. Together, they navigate through perilous dreamscapes, encountering fantastical creatures and overcoming treacherous obstacles. As Emilia's journey progresses, she uncovers a dark force threatening to plunge Veridora into eternal nightmares. With time running out, Emilia must unlock her true potential as a dreamweaver and confront her deepest fears to save her world from being consumed by darkness. "The Dreamweaver's Chronicles" is a captivating tale of self-discovery, friendship, and the power of dreams. Join Emilia and her companions as they dive into a realm where reality and imagination collide, and where the strength of one's dreams can shape the destiny of an entire kingdom. Feel free to provide any specific details, character traits, or plot elements you'd like to include, and I'll gladly incorporate them into the story.
abdelrahman_kaise · 3.6K Views
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