The history of the blacksmith and the calligraphy index were rather boring, filled with countless technical details and why they were what they were.
Aside from that, of course, there was a lot of valuable information inside both; for example, Guilliman was introduced to inscriptions on the fourth page of the history of the blacksmith.
Inscriptions were a form of empowerment humans had come up with hundreds of years ago, or, according to the old man, were rediscovered.
It allowed for human slayers blessed with particular Affinities to imbue man-made weapons with the output of that ability using symbols.
In essence it was humanity's solution to the scarcity of beast echoes.