1. Mana, Essence, and Resonance

Magic flows from "Mana," the primal energies that embody all things in the world. Essences are akin to elements, but each has multiple "Resonances" or expressions that vary in nature and strength.

Resonances determine how users interact with Mana, shaping everything from spellcasting style to elemental affinity.

2. Individualized Power Paths

Each character's ability to resonate with Mana is unique, leading to distinct styles and specializations. For example, someone with a strong Pyro Resonance may excel in both flame and magma spells or branch into advanced sub-elements like lightning if they also resonate with Zephyr.

3. Spells and Techniques

Magic is cast using "Spellformulas" that require Essence manipulation and mental structuring. 

Each formula has a primary Essence, with Resonances acting as modifiers.

Mastery involves adapting spells in real-time, drawing power from different Essences for stronger or more versatile results.

4. Magic Rank Tiers and Essences:

Magic is divided into ranks that determine spell strength and complexity. Each rank is progressively harder to learn and requires more mana:

1. Beginner

2. Intermediate

3. Advanced

4. Master

5. Grandmaster

6. Sovereign

7. Mythic

Essences:

1. Aether (Life, Soul, and Spirit magic)

2. Pyro (Fire, Heat, and Plasma manipulation)

3. Aqua (Water, Ice, and Fluid magic)

4. Gaia (Earth, Metal, and Nature magic)

5. Zephyr (Wind, Lightning, and Weather control)

6. Umbra (Shadows, Darkness, Illusions)

5. Mana Core and Circuits

Mana Core: Every mage has a core that collects Mana over time, refined through experience, discipline, and occasionally rituals. A mage's strength and endurance depend on the size and purity of their core.

Mana Circuits: The body's pathways for circulating Mana. Stronger Circuits allow more powerful spells but risk overloading, leading to physical or mental breakdowns if pushed beyond their limits.

6. Magic Circles

Magic circles are patterns drawn with specialized ink or carved into surfaces to cast spells. They activate when mana is poured into them, either from the caster or a magic crystal. Once used, the circle disappears unless inscribed with special substances or on specific objects, turning them into magic tools.

How They Work: 

Magic circles store a spell and cast it at a fixed power when activated. They are the easiest and fastest method to use magic but lack flexibility.

Additional Information:

1. Anyone can draw or use a magic circle, even without personal magical ability.

2. New patterns are tested for effects, but errors can lead to wasted mana or dangerous results.

3. Circles inscribed on objects allow anyone to use magic by channeling mana into the tool.

4. Magic circles are the foundation of magical innovation, similar to coding a program or speaking a new language.

7. Incantations

Incantations are spoken spells, essentially magic circles expressed as sound. These verbal spells are faster and more practical for dynamic situations, such as combat.

How They Work: 

The caster recites a chant to activate the spell. Skilled magicians can shorten chants, known as truncated chanting, for quicker casting.

Additional Information:

1. Incantations give more control over spell details, like power and speed, but require practice for precision and efficiency.

2. Memorizing chants is not enough. Magicians train to cast faster, more accurately, and with less concentration.