On the highway service area, operations are typically government-built, government-owned, and government-operated.
This is the oldest method of operation with planning and design by the Transportation Department, land requisition, and construction. The construction costs are covered by fiscal appropriations. The highway management department handles the operations, and part of the earnings go towards the highway tolls submitted to the treasury, while the rest is managed by the department. Practice has shown that this management system is somewhat outdated and less efficient, but it benefits the preservation of state-owned assets by avoiding short-sighted management practices such as destructive operation. Some provinces are still using this model.
