Second Class enchanted items had at least 6 runes, and at least half of them had to be of the Second Class. An enchanted artifact could have runes of a lower rank than the rank of the artifact.
The Runemaster's rules stated that 50% + 1 of the runes in an enchanted item ranked the enchanted artifact.
Not every enchanted item had to be filled with runes of the same rank as the item. Sometimes, the effects of more common runes, such as the one behind atmospheric mana absorption, were sufficient for items of a higher quality than the rune.
It was only when the general characteristics of the item were too different from the rune in question that it became impossible to place the rune in a higher-quality enchantment.
For example, it was always possible to place a rune of a lower class into an enchantment. Runes of two classes lower than it rarely worked, and those of three classes lower had no chance of existing in the enchantment's structure.