Professor Nie began his lecture:
"The Rainbow Bridge is the iconic architecture in the 'Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival', and the area around the Rainbow Bridge would be considered the Central CBD in modern terms."
"The Northern Song Dynasty implemented a policy of strengthening the central government while weakening the branches, making Bianliang, the capital, somewhat overgrown."
"The 'History of the Song' records that 'In Dongjing, there is the transport through Bian Canal, annually bringing in millions of bushels of rice from the Yangtze and Huai Rivers, upon which hundreds of thousands in the imperial guards and the treasury's heavy troops rely, all based there'."
"The massive army, the burgeoning population, along with small merchants and vendors dreaming of making it in Bianjing, put considerable pressure on the city."
"An extreme transportation system was needed to maintain the capital's grain supply."
