Skills or items can have one or a combination of elemental attributes.
There are four elemental groups, each of them having three different elements within. Here's how a mapping of such elements appears in common research books found in-game:
{Four cardinal icons split into three other lesser icons towards outside. Some shaky arrows link roughly written comments to each icon.}
{Control: Enchants, changes shape, increases volume, or adds motion to an object: {Left}
Earth: to solids
Water: to liquids
Air: to gases
Erratic: Generates sudden changes to the environment: {Right}
Destruction: breaks it or consumes it
Light: enlightens it or manipulates light
Electricity: electrify it or polarizes it
Energy: Percepts or manipulates the fuel of entities: {Top}
Mind: spiritually/mentally
Sense: physically
Shadows: temporal memories (? Confusing description)
Status: Dictates the state of matter: {Bottom}
Heat: changes temperature (Burn = less resistance but more speed | Freeze = less speed but more resistance)
Time: changes time value or flow
Null: ??? (There are no known abilities or items with this element, but it still appears in elemental books in-game) }
Image for reference: https://prnt.sc/Qty_Mv_2DMPB