Civilization in the Great Steppe is non-existent. What they have is culture. And not a thriving civilization. For a civilization to grow, they need to unite first.
Someone had to bring the law and have the power to enforce the law. Only then could there be civilized discussion.
But the nature of the people around the Great Steppe and the hatred accumulated had make all of this difficult.
Who knows how it started? The Yan said it was the people of the Great Steppe that ride down from the North and raid and pillages cities and villages.
The old folklore told it was the people of Yan who came up north, came to a tribe, slaughter them and force them into slavery.
Those who did not were killed and humiliated
And so, they keep fighting and killing and the hatred accumulated. A few decades ago, a general from Yan came to the north and kill so many tribes and he created mountains of skulls on every place he goes.