From this, it could be seen that the person most likely to have burned the painting was Rona.
[The painting seemed to have lost its usefulness. You looked around and noticed a letter placed on a desk nearby.]
[The letter was sealed with fire wax, and you were very familiar with the seal, which was left by the "Polar Star Association's wax seal" you gave to Rona.]
[You opened the letter and browsed the elegant handwriting…]
[…]
[Messenger of the True God, after you feigned death and left, the High Priest of the Stars uncovered your true identity and used secret magic to communicate with the Star Gods, summoning them to act.]
[It killed the 'High Priest of the Stars' at the first opportunity, but it was still too late to prevent the Star Gods from descending.]
[Fortunately, although the descending Star God was powerful, it still had the ability to escape and protect itself.]
[Before fleeing, it casually destroyed the entire headquarters of the Polar Star Association…]