Sequels and adaptations
Main articles: Back to the Future (franchise), Back to the Future Part II, and Back to the Future Part III
A sequel was not initially planned, and the teaser ending of Doc, Marty, and Jennifer flying off in the DeLorean suggested their adventures would continue off-screen.[88] Universal Pictures was eager to pursue a sequel based on the significant financial and critical success of Back to the Future. However, Zemeckis and Gale were reluctant to participate, believing sequels often retreaded the best elements of the original film. They were also concerned that a poor follow-up could alienate Back to the Future's passionate fan base, and undermine the pair after their first major joint success. Zemeckis and Gale acquiesced by 1987, once Universal Pictures clarified they would, if necessary, make a sequel without them.[280] The pair's sequel script was so long it was split into two films, Back to the Future Part II (1989) and Back to the Future Part III (1990); the films were shot back to back.[14][281]
Part II depicts Marty and Doc traveling to 2015, inadvertently enabling the now-elderly Biff Tannen to steal the DeLorean and return to 1955, rewriting history in his favor.[281] Wells and Glover did not return for the sequels.[o] Part II was a financial success but was criticized for its complex, convoluted narrative.[283] Zemeckis has said it is his least favorite film in the series.[281] The final film, Part III follows Marty as he travels to 1885 to rescue a time-stranded Doc.[284] While the film fared less well financially than the two earlier films, it was more critically well-received than Part II.[283] A 2018 poll by The Hollywood Reporter of 2,200 people found 71 percent wanted a Back to the Future sequel, ahead of another Toy Story or Indiana Jones film.[285] Gale has said there will never be a fourth film, likening it to "selling your kids into prostitution". He added a Back to the Future film could never happen without Fox, who could not participate because of the effects of his Parkinson's disease.[286][287]
An animated television series, Back to the Future, aired on CBS between 1991 and 1992. It follows Doc's and Marty's adventures through various historical periods, intercut with live-action segments featuring Doc (Lloyd), performing science experiments alongside Bill Nye.[183] A short film, Doc Brown Saves the World (2015), celebrated the film's 30th anniversary. Lloyd reprised his role as Doc, who must travel to the future to prevent a nuclear holocaust in 2045.[288] A musical theater production, Back to the Future, debuted in February 2020 at the Manchester Opera House, England, to positive reviews. The musical was written by Gale and Zemeckis, with music written by Silvestri and Glen Ballard.[289][290][291] Gale described it as the best way to give fans more Back to the Future without adding to the film series.[286] Overall, the Back to the Future franchise is considered one of the most successful film franchises in history.[19][189]
References
Notes
As depicted in Back to the Future Part II (1989).
Attributed to multiple references:[14][15][16][17]
Attributed to multiple references:[9][14][22][26]
Attributed to multiple references:[7][16][24][33][36][37][38][39]
The 1985 United States and Canada box office gross of $210.6 million is equivalent to $531 million in 2021.
The estimated returns to the studio from the United States and Canada box office gross is $105.5 million, equivalent to $266 million in 2021.
The 1985 worldwide box office gross of $170.5 million is equivalent to $430 million in 2021.
The 1985 worldwide box office gross of $381.1 million is equivalent to $960 million in 2021.
Attributed to multiple references:[141][145][147][149]
Attributed to multiple references:[19][139][165]
Attributed to multiple references:[57][203][204][205]
Attributed to multiple references:[11][185][192][230][231]
Attributed to multiple references:[243][244][245][246][247][248][249][250][251][252][253][254]
Attributed to multiple references:[255][256][257][258][259][260][261][262][263][264][265][266][267][268][269]
Attributed to multiple references:[7][45][185][282]
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External links
Official website Edit this at Wikidata
Back to the Future at the American Film Institute Catalog
Back to the Future at IMDb
Back to the Future at the TCM Movie Database
Back to the Future at Box Office Mojo
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Lakhmids
The Lakhmid kingdom was an Arab kingdom in southern Iraq and eastern Arabia from the late 3rd century to 602. The Lakhmids were generally but intermittently the allies and clients of the Sasanian Empire, and participant in the Roman–Persian Wars. This Persian-language manuscript, dating from the 15th century and illustrated by Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād, depicts the construction of al-Khornaq Castle in the Lakhmid capital al-Hirah. The manuscript is in the collection of the British Museum in London.
Illustration credit: Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād