The astronomical predictions of Ptolemy's geocentric model, developed in the 2nd century CE, served as the basis for preparing astrological and astronomical charts for over 1,500 years. The geocentric model held sway into the early modern age, but from the late 16th century onward, it was gradually superseded by the heliocentric model of Copernicus (1473–1543), Galileo (1564–1642), and Kepler (1571–1630). There was much resistance to the transition between these two theories. Some felt that a new, unknown theory could not subvert an accepted consensus for geocentrism.
An astronomer named Eudoxus created the first model of a geocentric universe around 380 B.C. Eudoxus designed his model of the universe as a series of cosmic spheres containing the stars, the sun, and the moon all built around the Earth at its center.
Aristotle's model shows the planets in the celestial realm moving around the Earth in an orderly manner, in perfect circles and with uniform motion—neither speeding up nor slowing down.
So,if we see the greatest of the greatest philosophers believed on this theory but then Copernicus and etc proposed the Heliocentric Theory and finally the Geocentric Theory was buried under the ground but now it's time to dig it out of the dirt and revive it through the legendary work of Ahmed Raza Khan, commonly known as Aala Hazrat, Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi, or Ahmed Rida Khan in Arabic, was an Islamic scholar, jurist, mufti, philosopher, theologian, ascetic, Sufi, poet, and mujaddid in British India.His book 'A Fare Success Refuting Motion Of The Earth' maybe considered a gem when you are lover of Astronomy.By reading it slowly you realize that the reality of Universe you know or the history of Physics we know is filled up with fallacies by the most popular and well-respected scientist of that era.However,we will discuss the Geocentric Theory on the basis of rational proofs by Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi and our own level of thinking maybe considered too when it's about observatory examples:
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According to our beloved Prophet's  (Peace Be Upon Him) saying when the earth was made it became stirring but then the God made mountains in it and it settled.Now note the following figure,it can be seen that the position of earth at C while of sun at B,it is considered that the earth is in superposition state,where A maybe it's future position or not.Now when we are trying to get the Heliocentric Theory from it's roots,we must talk on the fact that Johannes Kepler,a German astronomer proposed his idea that the planets which are closer to sun revolve at a higher speed than one's which are not so given that,the sun's attraction is the reason according to Geo-Centric Theory that the planets move around it in elliptical orbits,according to Kepler.So in this figure if we see the attraction of sun on earth is equal to the repulsion against it,which means that the Earth cannot revolve.Now they say that the angular momentum of earth makes it maintain it's position,to stay in it's orbit so that it cannot move away from it's orbit but if we see that doesn't actually makes any sense,as if we for instant,take a ball and tie it with two ropes,the ball will be at the centre,how can the ball move if both the sides are pulled by two equally strong men of strength,if you push the ball horizontally the ball cannot move in anyway,because of the forces of equally powerful men,now the question is if the earth is experiencing the same force how can it actually move,or revolve,it cannot,on it's axis nor around the sun.
Secondly:
Let's talk on the speed of the Earth revolving around the sun,as the so called physicist of today's era say that the approximate speed of Earth is 67000 miles per hour,just imagine that in your mind,with this speed is it possible that we were not feeling any movement or any eathquakes or etc,when the Earth is moving with that speed,it doesn't make any sense and that's what Aristotle said that if it were moving we would have felt it.Also if we see if the Earth was moving this speed it's atmosphere would have never been so nice and comfortable for us to live on this planet,as you can see the sun has turned into a ball of fire.A saying of our beloved Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) says that every day the sun is made cooler with ice by God and if it wasn't the case it would have turned into ashes.Now if we talk on it the mentioning of ice has to be an example for the people of that era to understand,but if we see in today's era,science believes that the sun doesn't burns out itself because it is not burning by oxygen but it's heat and glow all that comes from the nuclear fusions in it,it mean that the sun survives by burning hydrogen atoms into helium atoms in its core. In fact, it burns through 600 million tons of hydrogen every second.And as the sun's core becomes saturated with this helium, it shrinks, causing nuclear fusion reactions to speed up – which means that the sun spits out more energy.Which means this explanation is 100% according to the saying of our Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him).So after having a look on these facts science has to kneel before the teachings of our Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him).
Thirdly:
If we talk on it what Einstein said that the Sun is the absolute depth and that all the other planets revolve around it is so senseless.According to us as Ala Hazrat (Imam Ahmed Raza Khan) has explained very smoothly that the Earth is the absolute depth and not the Sun that's why Mercury and Venus are closest to it,which explain that they maybe the lower one's and the Mars and others must be the upper one.And if we talk about. the Annual Ephemeris,Mars's distance from earth as per logarithm remains 9,which then comparison to Venus and Mercury remains zero as their orbit is even between the earth's orbit,if earth is the absolute depth.And when the conjunction happens the Mars is closest to the earth and the Venus and Mercury are at the farthest distance.Now in this case Mars should be below it,the absolute depth be earth and the Venus and Mercury will be the upper one's.It explains that the Venus and Mercury as the one's in the center of the earth's orbit that's why they are considered to be the lower one's and the Mars and other are considered to be farther away,so it is evident that being highest and lowest is relative and so contradictory to their belief the sun is not considered by us to be the absolute depth and the center of the solar system but we believe earth to be the center and the absolute depth.
Fourth:
When you say that the earth is made to revolve by the sun's attraction that also doesn't make any sense,when Kepler has said that the attraction of sun makes the earth revolves,so if we see a ball is tied with a nail and the nail is digged into the ground,when you hit the ball the ball will not move in circular but only the rope will be tightened,which makes a sensible man to question how can the earth be revolving because of the sun,it can't and even if you still say that it is the case,the repulsion throws it to it's tangent then how does the earth not move towards the planet's like Virgo-Cancer-Leo-Orion-Taurus,but they have a allergy to the tangent of that side,why right angle.It makes it clear that it is not the work of the force of repulsion and that the repulsion is falsehood.
Fifthly:
We also not believe that the orbit of the planets is elliptical as if it was elliptical according to modern science the attraction of the sun mades the earth revolve right? And the repulsion is equal to attraction and the distance should also be equal to the repulsion.So if that is the case then the orbits can not be elliptical,in that case the sun's all sides will not be with the equal attraction and if we see,by the way,Kepler discarded 19 theories to prove that the earth's orbit is circular but when nothing worked,he finally made the statement that it has a elliptical orbit and thus it became the basis of Kepler's laws and thus the modern astronomy believing the orbits to be elliptical,the attraction and repulsion cannot be equal from both sides of the sun and thus rest in peace the repulsion theory and the motion of the earth theory.
This all above simply proves the Heliocentric Theory to be falsehood and the Geocentric Theory to be the absolute truth:
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