introduction

Morocco is a diverse country in its national, linguistic and cultural components, and is characterized by a heritage of traditions passed down from generation to generation. Nothing is frozen in the kingdom! Even the culture is alive and vibrant day after day in simple daily gestures, in parties, rituals or just daily habits. Stay there for a while and taste the Moroccan art of living.

living culture

To immerse yourself in Moroccan culture and traditions, the old towns are the ideal destination. As you cross the streets of each city, you will immerse yourself in the details of the daily life of Moroccans. Morocco and its inhabitants are developing to the rhythm of the Mediterranean art of living recognized by UNESCO. It is the set of practices, dishes and symbolism that confer a distinctive charm. Tea at any time, a gathering around couscous and tagine, a traditional craft trade, strong solidarity ... you will leave with a bag full of unforgettable memories!

1 Moroccan culture

2 Types of music in Morocco

3 Authentic Moroccan Tarab Instruments

3.1 The Kanbari instrument

3.2 The Bandir

3.3 The Kanbouz

3.4 The Tariga

3.5 The Rebab or Rebaba

3.6 The Oud

3.7 The Guita

3.8 The Nafar or Nafir

3.9 Percussion instruments

3.10 Marrakech precision

3.11 Moroccan Gnawa

Moroccan culture Morocco is one of the Arab countries rich in folklore and folklore due to the multiplicity of customs and dialects; Due to its geographical location, which clearly contributed to the opening up, Morocco is linked to Europe, and is also linked to the East with the Arab countries, and we can say that Morocco is a country rich in civilization. from ancient civilizations to Islam. conquests, and each civilization has left a clear impact in the field of customs and inheritances and for this reason there is a plurality of music, and it is held In Morocco, there are many music festivals that are interested in rap and Moroccan music, as well as exhibitions that focus on Moroccan musical instruments in order to preserve Moroccan heritage, which is on the verge of extinction in the light of globalization.Authentic Moroccan rap has its worldwide reputation and Arabic, and for that we will talk about the musical instruments that established the meaning of the Moroccan Tarab.

Types of music in Morocco

Moroccan music varies as we have mentioned due to the multiplicity of dialects and languages ​​and the multiplicity of geographical regions of the Kingdom of Morocco.Each dialect has its own musical instruments and dress, as well as rhythms and tones . Morocco is rich in civilization and ethnicity, which makes for a great diversity of musical colors, and among the most prominent types of music In Morocco, Andalusian music and Granada rap are mentioned. Morocco has witnessed the conquest of Andalusia and Granada, the Daqqa of Marrakech, as well as the mountainous Aita, the music of the Melhoun, the Issawa, the Guineans, the art of Hamdouche, the Hassani music, the music Sufi of praise and hearing, the music of Moroccan Berbers and other music. The ear is found in Morocco, and for each type of music there are special musical instruments that contributed to the formation of the musical style. They are very old instruments and have been preserved when they were inherited from generation to generation. As you move between Moroccan music, it will take you to Andalusian vibe, Greek heritage or ancient Egypt and others.

The instruments of the authentic Moroccan Tarab The musical instruments of Morocco are very diverse and each instrument has its own history, and among these musical instruments that accompany the Moroccan Tarab we quote:

The Kanbari instrument

is similar to the Canberi instrument, the Egyptian Oud, and it is one of the stringed instruments. It is a very old primitive lute and its shape is a resonance box like a tortoiseshell. It is covered with reinforced leather and has a long trigger with three ropes. The Moroccan Oud or Canbari is originally from Egypt and was introduced to Morocco in Roman times, and was indicated by designs and inscriptions found in Morocco. Among the most important names of the Canberi are Haj Houj, Gnaoua and Sous, and for that he has a clear role in Create a special rhythm while playing.

Al-Bandir

is a type of percussion instrument, a machine similar to a large tambourine, made of wood and goatskin.

The kanbouz is a string instrument inherited from the peoples who transmitted it from Yemen, India and Pakistan during ancient civilizations. It has an ancient Persian character. This instrument consists of a wooden box in the shape of a pear or pear, and this box is one piece of wood.Flat, with two strings and a back clip, this instrument has a very special sound. The percussion instrument is considered to be one of the most important instruments of authentic Moroccan heritage. It is made of leather and clay. It is engraved with various beautiful decorations depending on the region in which the tareji is made.

The tarega

is played in Andalusian Tarab, Marrakech Daqqa and Aita, as it is present in all different social occasions.Particularly in popular celebrations, the lattice differs from darbouka or darbouka in its small size and decoration, as well as the type of leather used, because its shape is close to the darbouka of the eastern Arab region.

The rebab

is one of the very old instruments, and it is a string instrument used by shepherds and nomads. The rebab is similar to the principle of lute work, but it is a string. It consists of a flat or oval wooden box covered with an animal skin and has a long chord on which the string is pulled, and it is played using a bow. Semicircular in shape, it is made of olive trees and its saliva is made of tail or tail hairs. While playing, he rubs the string on the rabab. The rebab is called the Noble, which is the Andalusian Arab rebab and is used in Andalusian music. The rebab entered Morocco in the 12th century by Arabs from Andalusia, and in southern Morocco it is called the Soussi Rabab, and it is used in Amazigh music.

The Rabab is an instrument where the songs of the shepherds and folk tales are transmitted in different dialects when played.

Moroccan oud

differs a lot from the oriental oud, but it seems that the latter had a strong place in music, which made the Moroccan oud on the verge of extinction with the 20th century, in the middle it includes four double gut strings. , and according to the musicians, it is symbolized by four sounds or notes, which are du, la, lay and up. It should be noted that the oriental oud is an oval wooden box larger than the size of the Moroccan oud, and its stem is short, it has three umbrellas and six double nylon ropes.

The ghaita

is a wind instrument like the flute. It consists of a number of holes. When played, it has a high pitched tone. It is an instrument suitable for playing outdoors. The ghaita is made in the city of Wazzan, and it is the most famous in its manufacture in Morocco.When we speak of the ghaita, we must refer to the transverse flute, especially the small transverse flute which is called read . The trumpet is an instrument that is blown using a cylindrical copper trumpet. The trumpet is a very famous instrument, especially in the Mediterranean region. It was used in military work, and today in Morocco it is used by the Issawa sect, especially during the season of the blessed month of Ramadan.

Percussion instruments

Among the percussion instruments, besides the tariqa and the bendir, we mention the tabilat, which are rhythms of different sizes made of clay, leather and wood that differ in rhythm according to their pitch, and for this reason there are many sounds and rings.

The Marrakech Dakka

is very famous inside and outside of Marrakech, especially in popular occasions and weddings. The Dakka is a group of over twenty people, and they use different instruments such as the qarib and the qirb are old percussion instruments containing two metal plates which are placed between the fingers, i.e. a couple in the right hand And a couple in the left hand, and it was used by a Guinean or Moroccan Gnawa, and the person who uses the scorpion moves in slow motion and in slow motion between the members of the band, and with the scorpion he uses the slavery gongs, the big bender, and the terriga, and the duration of The Half-Hour Precision in Marrakech begins in slow motion and ends in rapid movement.

Gnawa

Moroccan This musical color takes its name from the slaves from Guinea who came to Morocco, especially in the Moroccan desert. The rhythm of Gnawa is similar to the rhythm of African forests. The Kankah instrument is used, which is similar to the big drum. Hajhouj is used, meaning tremor and Qarqabat, and this type of music is famous in Marrakech and Essaouira. , Rabat and Meknes, with Gnawa there are no limits to Moroccan music or authentic Moroccan Tarab.

music tools

Stringed instruments with bow These instruments consist of four strings arranged according to the intensity of the sound they emit, and they are played using the bow. Examples of such stringed instruments are as follows: [1] Violin: The violin is one of the most famous and widely used musical instruments in the world. It was developed during the Renaissance from the ancient instruments string which were prevalent in the Middle Ages, and it was first made in Italy by Gasparo da Salo, Andrea Amati, and Giovanni Paolo Magini, and it is noted that it has undergone many modifications until this that it attains its presently known form. [2] Cello: it is the second largest string instrument, [3] and it is placed on the ground between the knees so that it is facing forward, and is played using the 'bow. [1] Woodwinds Woodwind instruments work on the key system, when air penetrating this instrument and passing through its different lengths, it will emit tones of varying degrees. Examples of wind instruments are as follows: [1] The oboe: which is usually plated with silver or gold, and is set horizontally directly under the mouth, and blowing through its narrow opening. Oboe: This instrument dates back to the Middle Ages and is characterized by its double reed, and the oboe is used by placing it vertically and blowing through its reed until it vibrates and makes sounds. Note: In addition to the two instruments mentioned above, there are also the clarinet and the zamakhr. Brass These instruments are also used by blowing them, examples of which are as follows: [1] Trumpet: This is one of the oldest musical instruments, played horizontally, through a group of valves located at the top. of it, which are Open and close them to emit different tones. The trombone is the only brass instrument that does not operate using valves or switches, and is recognizable by its elongated ellipsoid shape, which culminates in its tapered bore. Percussion instruments Percussion instruments include those instruments that are used by hitting them with the hands or using sticks, and examples of percussion instruments are: drum, tambourine, tube bells, the marimba, cymbals and others. [1] Keyboard Instruments This type is played with machines and their operation through a standard keyboard, and they differ from machine to machine in how they work, and it is also interesting to note that they are clearly interconnected with the machines mentioned previously, and there are several types of [1] The guitar is the origin of the guitar machine in Spain. It consists of six strings played with fingernails or a special pick. It should be noted that the guitar has taken the place of the lute.

Among the most famous musics of Morocco:

Music by Mellon.

Rai music, from folk music widespread in eastern Morocco.

Aita music

Gnawa or Guinean music, of African origin.

Arabic Music Andalusia

Issawa's music, rooted in Sufi music.

The art of Matrouz, the music of Moroccan Jews.

Moroccan music

Moroccan music is characterized by great diversity, in addition to classical music, which is an extension of oriental music with Moroccan additions, such as the bandir and the watrah. Each region of Morocco is distinguished by its distinct musical character.

The phenomenon of lyrical groups, which was also unique in Morocco without the Arab world, and which expresses self-sacrifice within a group to the detriment of individual fame.

Larsad, Siham, Masnawa, and finally groups and individual experiences at the beginning of the third millennium, like Tariq Batma and Manar Group.

Modern Moroccan song underwent, from 1952, a great renaissance in the hands of the pioneers of Moroccan music, which is confirmed by Professor Azzouz Al-Houri, so that the generation of pioneers is committed to helping to give to Moroccan music its school of melody, using the art of Melhoun and Andalusian instrumental rap. A group of distinguished artists presented Moroccan song in the Arab East, such as musician Abdel Wahab Doukkali, Abdel Salam Amer Abdel Nabi Al-Jirari and Ahmed Al-Gharabawi.

Moroccan music is very diverse.

Amazigh music, which differs depending on the region:

countryside (north)

Atlas (middle)

Seuss (south).

To the east, we find:

rai music

stagnation

Arafa

The Granada tarab and Andalusian tarab, which are linked to the Andalusian people who settled in Morocco after the fall of Granada to Fez, Tetouan, Salé and other regions, were started by Ahmed Biro and Al-Hussein Al -Toulali.

Aïta:

Al-Aita Al-Hasbaweya in the Do region ukkala-Abda and Chaouia

Al-Aita Al-Marsawiya and Al-Ayta Al-Hawzi, who have been associated with the journey of the Banu Salim and Banu Hilal tribes from the east to the Maghreb, and are distinguished by their marvelous and difficult rhythms. It is based on praise, rotation and enthusiasm.

To the south we find: In addition to the Amazigh music of Sousse, there is the music of Marrakech which is distinguished by the so-called Marrakech precision, which has become very popular outside the borders of Marrakech due to its popularity, in particular in weddings and weddings, as a Moroccan wedding is not without using the precision of Marrakech at the beginning.

North region: characterized by

Mountain peak in the northwest.

Country music in the center of the North and East.

Obeidat Al Rama in the Beni Hassan El Sherarda district - Kénitra

Then, folk art, which has gained popularity in recent years, is a mixture of Aita and Berber tones with a certain evolution according to each singer of folklore by adding their own touches. Mohamed Rouicha is one of the most famous artists of Amazigh folk music.

Classical or modern music, the most important of which are:

Naima Samih

Ibrahim Al-Alami

Bahja Idris

Ahmed Al-Gharabawi

Amina Idris

Abdelhadi Belkhayat

Latifa El Gohary

Abdelwahab Akumi

Aziza Jalal

Abdelwahab Doukkali

Mohamed Fwaitah

Latifa Raafat

Mohamed elhayani

Muhammed Al Muzkaldi

Mohammed al-asri

Muhammad Ali

Abdel Wahed Tetouan

sunshine

Ghaith bin Abdul Salam

Samira said

Naomi Al-Sahnouni.

"... trade routes may have extended to parts of southern Europe and its Moorish fisheries. The exchanges always included music.

For centuries, Morocco has been fertile ground for a variety of different cultures, including Berbers, Arabs, and Amours.

Jews made up 20% of the population in 1940.… "

Among the most famous musics of Morocco:

Music by Mellon.

Rai music, from folk music widespread in eastern Morocco.

Aita music

Gnawa or Guinean music, of African origin.

Arabic Music Andalusia

Issawa's music, rooted in Sufi music.

The art of Matrouz, the music of Moroccan Jews.

Morocco embraces different musical styles, varying according to its geographical terrain, and distributed according to its regions. Amazigh music, Gnawa music, popular music ... all divided into sub-regional, modern and traditional music, and sung in Berber and Moroccan dialects. Get to know Morocco through its music.

amazigh music

Music in Morocco - Learn more about Moroccan music - Amazigh music

Inspired by the beauty of the Moroccan countryside and the Atlas mountains, it differs according to the Berber regions and their dialects "Chlouh, Sous and Tarifit". The beginning of the Middle Atlas region, which is famous for the dances of Ahidos and Ahwash, which are accompanied by poems sung in Tamazight. These dances are a means that Amazigh tribes have used for centuries to express feelings of happiness and joy, on happy occasions, especially in mountainous and rural areas colonized by Berber tribes. The most famous singer of this region was the late Berber artist Mohamed Rouicha, known for his lutear playing. He is famous for having created his own art school and for having renewed the Amazigh song, he is also famous for his songs in the Arabic language.

He was followed by "Hadet Aoki", who rebelled against the traditions of the region and imposed himself and his voice. It all started in 1969 with the singer "Banaser Okhya", when singing was forbidden to women in mountainous areas, and he is still successful and has his own group of musicians and dancers.

Then came her pupil, Sheikha Sharifa, and that is her mountainous, powerful and majestic voice of an opera singer. Her father was a shepherd, and like most of the girls in the area, she did not go to school. She was discovered by the famous singer "Mohamed Ruicha", who accompanied her in the choir in the 80s, and at the end of the 90s she launched herself as sheikha (title given to singers of Amazigh folklore and song in Morocco). She released her first album, "Berber Blues" in 2000, from the French company Long Distance Label.

Gnawa music

It is a mixture of African and Arab music, its origins can be traced back to Sudan, Guinea and other African countries, propagated by black-skinned immigrants, and it is a voice for the dramas carried by these immigrants. in their journey until their installation in the Maghreb country (Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia). However, this music is more prevalent in Morocco, especially in lower-income neighborhoods, and it has reached international levels and has been mixed with other musical styles.

This type of music has a religious and spiritual aspect uel that has its followers, and sessions are organized for it, called Hadra or the Night, which can bring its listeners to a rapture, at a rapid pace. Most of the songs are about the Prophet, saints and fairies, whose names are frequently mentioned, and are inspired by popular legends such as "Aisha Qandisha", "Lalla Mira" and "Lalla Malika".

Gnawa's music is based on three main instruments, which are the jambri, the hujhuj (two strings) and the qaraqib (the brass instruments). The musicians wear colorful costumes and dance to the beat, often led by someone nicknamed "the professor". This music has gone beyond the traditional style like all other genres, and perhaps thanks to the Gnawa Festival, which is held every year in the city of Essaouira, and is a global event in which international musicians and "teachers" of the Morocco and other countries such as Algeria participate.

Music in Morocco - Learn more about Moroccan music - the Qaraqib instrument

The best-known Gnawa teachers in Morocco can be found in the cities of Rabat and Essaouira, such as Maalem Mahmoud Guinea, who leads a famous group under his name, Hamid El Kasri, or Majid Bekkas, a world-class multi-instrumental musician. who mixes Gnawa with blues and jazz, his music is rich in stories from Africa and Morocco.

Folk music

Its sections are numerous, the most important of which is the art of "Aita", which is an essential branch of popular music in Morocco. It is an ancient Moroccan art that appeared since the time of the sultans of Morocco and crystallized during the colonial period, a kind of resistance against the occupier.It is a lyrical color based on poems carrying meaning coded that only the owners of the land understand as a sort of secret code between women and men resisting the enemy. This art is associated with the central plains of the Atlantic coast, and is diffused in agricultural and agricultural areas whose inhabitants improvise poems inspired by their social life.

Al-Aita is a word in the Moroccan dialect which means "call". Most songs begin with a call to God, his prophets, and righteous saints. It is divided according to the areas in which it is prevalent into: Al-Aita Al-Marsawiya, Al-Zaariyah, Al-Malaliah, Al-Hasbaiya and other forms, which are not very different from each other, to the The exception of Al -Aita Al-Zaari, whose rhythms gradually change and accelerate.

[caption id = "attachment_24612" align = "alignnone" width = "700"] Music in Morocco - Learn more about Moroccan music - String instrument [/ caption]

Women have a strong presence in al-Aita's art, as the groups rely on singers and dancers, and the songs are played on different instruments such as the violin, tambourine, and bender. al-Aita are seen as mobile poets who carry the concerns and problems of the inhabitants of their neighborhood, singing about the life, love and nature of the region they come from, or they quarrel with God and the keepers. The singer of the art of al-Aita is nicknamed "Sheikha", and the sheikhs in the history of Morocco have a role in the resistance against colonialism, so the conservative society always rejects this name because the singer of al -Aita sings and dances in front of men, and seeks love and liberation in a direct way.

Noting that the well-known Sheikhs of the last century were numerous, such as the Hamdawiya, the Hamunieh, Fatna bint Al Hussein and Sheikha Aida, who passed their art on to other generations. There are artists such as singer Hajib, who is a well-known folk artist, Hafida al-Hasnawi, Alad Ben Akida and others.

Arabic font types and shapes

The Arabic Language The Arabic language is considered to be one of the most important world languages, as it is considered the fifth language in terms of worldwide spread. It is considered a vast sea in terms of concepts, content and vocabulary, its many uses, opposites and synonyms. What also sets him apart is that his letters are written in several ways, and come under what is called Arabic. fonts, so what is the definition of arabic calligraphy? What is his first creation? And what are its types? Volume 0% Arabic Calligraphy Arabic calligraphy is one of the arts of writing words and phrases that use the twenty-eight letters of the Arabic language, and the most important thing that helped in the design of Arabic calligraphy is the interweaving of his letters, which gave him flexibility in his training. The origins of Arabic calligraphy The origin of Arabic calligraphy goes back to Nabataean writing, then appear the Kufic and Hijazi schools which worked to develop and disseminate this calligraphy. It was dotted, until Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali came and dotted the letters. Types of Arabic Calligraphy There are many types of Arabic calligraphy, which formed decorative geometric panels, and these lines are: Kufic calligraphy: one of the most famous and ancient lines, and its name came in connection with the city ​​of Kufa in Iraq, characterized by coordination and similar letters, and which was famous for this calligraphy the scholar Yusuf Ahmed, where this line received great attention. Naskh script: It was called Naskh due to its frequent circulation in script. Minister Ibn Muqla is considered the founder of this font, and among its characteristics: the clarity and width of the letters, which ensure correct reading . The patch line: The name is given to the patch, i.e. deer skin, and the calligrapher is excellent Beck and sets the rules for this line, and it is a line used daily, and its characteristics are that it writes in a faster and easier way. Persian Calligraphy: It is from its name that it was found in Persia, and its characteristics are precise and extensive letters, remoteness of complexity, ease and clarity. Al-Tughra script: One of its distinguishing features is that it is written in Thuluth script and was considered an essential seal of sultans and rulers. Thuluth Font: This is one of the most complex fonts in writing, and the most beautiful in form, and is flexible. This is because most letters have multiple forms of writing, and due to its difficulty and long writing time, its writing is limited to titles and a few verses. Moroccan calligraphy: widespread in the countries of North Africa, and is seen mainly in the countries of the Maghreb, hence the name, and one of its characteristics is the large rotation of its letters. Ijazah Line: This is the sum of the Naskh and Thuluth lines. Al-Diwani script: Its author is Ibrahim Munif, and his name is Al-Diwani because it is used to write diwans, and he specializes in volunteerism and vitality, and writes it all in one line.

In the following we will review the most famous folk dances that make up Moroccan folklore:

The word "Ahwash" in the Berber language means to sing. The Moroccan people, speaking Tachelhit, call the word "Ahwash" for group dance in all its forms.

Ahwash, Morocco's most famous folk dance, is a wonderful group dance in which a large number of dancers and dancers participate, who wear traditional uniforms. The folk dance begins with the recitation of poetic verses (Tanatam) by the poet of the group or by a group of poets alternately.

The dance begins with the scream of the women, followed by the Hawash dance, which is based on body movements at a certain rhythm, during which the shoulders and heads vibrate and the bodies sway evenly.

Hawash dance is spreading in the regions inhabited by speakers of the Tachelhit dialect, in particular the regions: Agadir, Taroudant, Essaouira, Tiznit, Marrakech, Ouarzazate and Tata ...

The "Taskiouen" dance is a particular form of Amazigh dance mixed with song. It is performed by men in the western High Atlas, and it is a dance with deep military significance, accompanied by flutes and drums.

The dance takes its name from the ornate lamb's horn, which each dancer attaches to their shoulder and which was once used to apply gunpowder. It is called 'tisket' in the singular and 'taskwein' in the feminine plural.

The word "ahidos" means, in Tamazight, collective dance. The ahidos dance comes in the form of two groups of men and women, facing tides or tides or parallels symmetrically by moving backward or forward.

The troupe leader is called "the Maestro" (or the Sheikh, the Rais or the teacher), and the dancers in their light and dynamic dances occupy the art of poetry and certain musical instruments like the tambourine (talont) .

The art of Ahidous is spreading in the mountains of the Middle Atlas, where nature is rich in its riches, especially in the regions: Khenifra, Ifrane, Azrou, El Hajeb, Tiflet, Khemisset, Errachidia, Guelmima, Imlchil and Ain Louh ...

It is a dance of desert origin known in the southern provinces of the Kingdom of Morocco. He is diagnosed by a small group of men while the women dance.

The origin of the name came from the capacity machine that defines the rhythm. One of them adjusts the tempo by hitting the kadra. As for artistic movements, they are performed by a woman among a group of singers.

The dancer performs her artistic movements sitting on her knees and covered with a blue veil, and moves her head and hands in harmony with the musical rhythm.

Al-Rakada or Al-Alawi is an artistic dance for men, based on agility in movement and speed in coordination. Ragada is considered one of the most important features of folklore in the eastern part of Morocco, especially in the region of Oujda and Berkane. This folk dance is performed on the occasions and harvest seasons of agricultural crops.

It is performed in the form of rows or circles on the tunes of the ghaita, the percussions of the bender and the darbouka. Occasionally, men stop moving and then start pounding the ground with their feet to prove their strength, while holding guns or sticks.

Obeidat Al-Rama is a lyrical and dancing art of Moroccan folklore. Where a group of singers and dancers gather in traditional costume, chanting phrases of poetry local.

The word "Arma" comes from shooting a gun or a weapon, to be precise.

The "Gnaoua" descend from the descendants of slaves who were imported during the golden age of the Moroccan Empire (end of the 16th century AD) from black Africa, which was then called Sudan. They were always called, before their full integration in Morocco. society.

The Gnaoui order is still widespread in many Moroccan towns and villages, especially in the cities of Marrakech, Essaouira, Rabat and Meknes.

The city of Essaouira holds the status of spiritual city of the Gnawi sect in Morocco, where an international festival is dedicated to it each year.

The Issawa dance belongs to the disciples of Sheikh Mohamed Benaissa, buried in the city of Meknes. This dance is based on the community narration of praises and prayers for the Messenger of God, accompanied by hits on the instruments: the tarija, the bowl, the bender, the tabla, the tambourine and the horns, and through a collective performance and uniform dress.

It is well known from this musical fabric that it has a particular impact on listeners, some of whom may have a particular emotion, and that it has healing qualities for certain psychological conditions.

Mountain dances have spread to northwestern Morocco, which includes the following cities: Chefchaouen, Tangier, Larache, Ksar El Kebir, Asilah, Zane and Taounate.

These dances are accompanied by mountain tambourine music. This art is the reflection of nature, traditions and customs associated with mountain man. The dances originate from the depths of nature as they embody the human connection with the land, war and various concerns and joys experienced throughout the seasons of the year.

It is a music that consists of many genres that descend from the different forms of Moroccan folk music. Popular representation in the markets was originally, but now it is present in any celebration or meeting.

The qa'dah or jafna is the metal bowl that some Moroccans use to wash clothes, but this tool plays two roles in Moroccan culture, where the qa'dah is transformed into a musical instrument.