This world will forever have its victors and its vanquished.
The biggest losers of the London Peace Conference, without a doubt, were the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Poland. The former lost cities and territories and was exhausted to the point of near collapse, while the latter even sacrificed its sovereignty.
Setting aside the details, from an overall strategic viewpoint, England, France, Russia, Austria, and Prussia were all winners, each achieving their strategic objectives.
The performance of the Russians was particularly notable, profiting from both sides as if the once unrivaled Russian Empire had returned.
However, Alexander II, who was considered the biggest winner, could now hardly feel joyful. The recovery of lost territories greatly boosted military morale, which should have been a cause for celebration.
